Health and Human Development - Unit 1 Outcome 1

Health and Wellbeing

The state of a person's physical, social, emotional, mental, and spiritual existence, characterised by an equilibrium in which the individual feels happy, healthy, capable, and engaged.

Health (WHO 1946 Definition)

'A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.'

Emotional Health and Wellbeing

Relates to the ability to express feelings in an appropriate way.

Physical Health and Wellbeing

Relates to the state and functioning of the body and its systems; it includes the physical capacity to perform daily activities or tasks.

Social Health and Wellbeing

Relates to the state of a person's interactions and relationships with individuals and level of support within a community.

Mental Health and Wellbeing

The current state of wellbeing relating to the mind or brain and the ability to think.

Spiritual Health and Wellbeing

Relates to ideas, beliefs, values and ethics that arise in the mind and conscience of human beings.

Self-Esteem

Reflects a person's overall subjective emotional evaluation of their own worth.

Subjective Health and Wellbeing

The way in which people's view of health and wellbeing is influenced by or based on personal beliefs, feelings, experiences or opinions.

Aboriginal Health and Wellbeing

Does not mean the physical wellbeing of an individual, but refers to the social, environmental, and cultural wellbeing of the whole community.

Incidence

Refers to the number (or rate) of new cases of a disease/condition in a population during a given period (usually 12 months).

Prevalence

The number or proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in a population at a given time.

Morbidity

Ill health in an individual and levels of ill health within a population (often expressed through incidence and prevalence).

Mortality

Deaths in a population; refers to death.

Burden of Disease

Measures the impact of diseases and injuries, specifically the gap between current health status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease and disability. Measured in a unit called DALY.

Life Expectancy

The number of years of life, on average, remaining to an individual at a particular age if death rates do not change.

Core Activity Limitation

When an individual has difficulty or requires assistance with any of the three core activities: self-care, mobility, and communication.

Psychological Distress

Relates to unpleasant feelings and emotions that affect an individual's level of functioning.

Health Status

An individual's or population's overall level of health and wellbeing, taking into account various indicators such as life expectancy, mortality and morbidity.

YLL - Years Lives Lost due to Premature Death

A measure of how many years are lost due to premature death.

YLD - Years of Life Lost due to Disability

A measure of how many healthy years of life are lost due to disease, injury or disability.

DALY - Disability Adjusted Life Year

A measure of the burden of disease. One DALY represents the loss of one year of healthy life due to disability or premature death.

Health Status Indicators

Standard statistics used to measure and compare health status (for example, life expectancy, mortality rates, morbidity rates).

Chronic Condition

Any disease or condition that lasts a long time (usually longer than six months), usually requiring ongoing treatment and management.

Hospital Separations

Episodes of hospital care that start with admission and end at transfer, discharge or death.

Sociocultural Factors

The social and cultural conditions into which people are born, grow, live, work, and age.

Social Justice

Equal fairness in society.

Equality

Relates to fairness, with a particular focus on the disadvantaged.

Stable Ecosystem

Occurs when a balance is achieved between the environment and the species that live in it, meeting all living things' needs without harming the natural surroundings.

Sustainable Resources

Relate to ensuring that resources used to promote health and wellbeing in the present are available for future generations to ensure a good quality of life.

Health Literacy

Relates to how people access, understand, and use health information and services to promote and maintain health. High health literacy is linked to improved health outcomes.

Socioeconomic Status

Usually described as low, medium, and high. Lower socioeconomic status often means less access to financial, educational, social, and health resources.

Self-Assessed Health Status

Measure of the overall level of a population's health based on personal perceptions of their own health.