unit 4 vocabulary

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earth systems and resources

Last updated 1:52 AM on 11/8/22
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31 Terms

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tectonic plates
slab made u of earth's lithospherep
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mantle
between the crust and core
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crust
outermost layer of earth
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core
inner part of the earth
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convection currents
movement of energy/heat transfer
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mid-ocean ridge
upwelling magma in the middle of the ocean
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magma
not fluid within earth's crust (cooled - lava)
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subduction zone
collision between tectonic plates where one sinks below the other
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clay
fine-grained earth forming an impermeable layer in soil
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silt
fine sand carried through water as sediment
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loam
fertile soil of clay, sand, and humus
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topsoil
top layer of soil
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subsoil
soil under topsoil
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water holding capacity
ability of soil to hold water against gravity
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irrigation
supply of water through channels
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troposphere
lowest region of earth's surface
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stratosphere
above troposphere
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ozone
toxic gas that reflects ultraviolet light
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mesosphere
above stratosphere, below thermosphere
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thermosphere
above mesosphere, increase in temperature with height
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aerosols
substance under pressure released in a fine gas
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albedo
proportion of radiation reflected by a surface
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coriolis effect
mass in a rotating system experiences a force, important in weather systems
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watershed
area of land that separates waters
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insolation
exposure to the sun
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jet streams
strong air streams circling the globe miles about the earth
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monsoons
rainy season with prevailing wind
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hurricane
a storm with violent wind, typically tropical
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tornado
violent rotating winds in a funnel shape
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rain shadow
region with little rainfall sheltered due to hills
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milankovitch cycles
the shape of the earth's orbit is not a circle, the earth's axis is tilted

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