AMT Prep – Airframe: Metallic Structures

Unless otherwise specified, the radius of a bend is the

a. inside radius of the metal being formed

b. inside radius plus one-half the thickness of the metal being formed

c. radius of the neutral axis plus one-half the thickness of the metal being formed

a. inside radius of the metal being formed

A resurfaced soldering iron cannot be used effectively until after the working face has been

a. fluxed

b. polished

c. tinned

c. tinned

The Dzus turnlock fastener consists of a stud, grommet, and receptacle. The stud diameter is measured in

a. tenths of an inch

b. hundredths of an inch

c. sixteenths of an inch

c. sixteenths of an inch

Which rivet may be used as received without further treatment?

a. 2024-T4

b. 2117-T3

c. 2017-T3

b. 2117-T3

When an MS20470D rivet is installed, its full shear strength is obtained

a. only after a period of age hardening

b. by the cold working of the rivet metal in forming a shop head

c. by heat treating just prior to being driven

a. only after a period of age hardening

Cylinders used to transport and store acetylene

a. are pressure tested to 3,000 psi

b. are green in color

c. contain acetone

c. contain acetone

A very thin and pointed tip on a soldering copper is undesirable because it will

a. transfer too much heat to the work

b. have a tendency to overheat and become brittle

c. cool too rapidly

c. cool too rapidly

What purpose does flux serve in welding aluminum?

a. Removes dirt, grease, and oil

b. Minimizes or prevents oxidation

c. Ensures proper distribution of the filler rod

b. Minimizes or prevents oxidation

The oxyacetylene flame used for aluminum welding should

a. be neutral and soft

b. be slightly oxidizing

c. contain an excess of acetylene and leave the tip at a relatively low speed

a. be neutral and soft

Why is it necessary to use flux in all silver soldering operations?

a. To chemically clean the base metal of oxide film

b. To prevent overheating of the base metal

c. To increase heat conductivity

a. To chemically clean the base metal of oxide film

(Refer to Figure 4.) The length of flat A is

a. 3.750 inches

b. 3.875 inches

c. 3.937 inches

a. 3.750 inches

What is indicated by a black 'smoky' residue streaming back from some of the rivets on an aircraft?

a. Filiform corrosion is occurring between the rivets and the skin

b. Intergranular corrosion is occurring between the rivets and the skin

c. Fretting corrosion is occurring between the rivets and the skin

c. Fretting corrosion is occurring between the rivets and the skin

Parts fabricated from Alclad 2024-T3 aluminum sheet stock must have all

a. bends made with a small radius to develop maximum strength

b. bends 90º to the grain

c. scratches, kinks, tool marks, nicks, etc. held to a minimum

c. scratches, kinks, tool marks, nicks, etc. held to a minimum

When welding or cutting, the acetylene pressure gauge should never be set higher than

a. 15 psi

b. 20 psi

c. 25 psi

a. 15 psi

A well-designed rivet join will subject the rivets to

a. compressive loads

b. shear loads

c. tension loads

b. shear loads

The Dzus turnlock fastener consists of a stud, grommet, and receptacle. The stud length is measured in

a. hundredths of an inch

b. tenths of an inch

c. sixteenths of an inch

a. hundredths of an inch

Why should a carburizing flame be avoided when welding steel?

a. It removes the carbon content

b. It hardens the surface

c. A cold weld will result

b. It hardens the surface

Under certain conditions, type A rivets are not used because of their

a. low strength characteristics

b. unique design that causes crazing or cracking

c. tendency toward embrittlement when subjected to vibration

a. low strength characteristics

When repairing a small hole on a metal stressed skin, the major consideration in the design of the patch should be

a. the shear strength of the riveted joint

b. to use rivet spacing similar to a seam in the skin

c. that the bond between the patch and the skin is sufficient to prevent dissimilar metal corrosion

a. the shear strength of the riveted joint

The aluminum alloys used in aircraft construction are usually hardened by which method?

a. Cold-working

b. Aging

c. Heat treatment

c. Heat treatment

(Refer to Figure 6.) What is dimension D? (Setback = .252 and Bend Allowance = .345)

a. 3.492

b. 4.182

c. 3.841

b. 4.182

What precaution, if any, should be taken to prevent corrosion inside a repaired metal honeycomb structure?

a. Prime the repair with a corrosion inhibitor and seal from the atmosphere

b. Paint the outside area with several coats of exterior paint

c. None. Honeycomb is usually made from a man-made or fibrous material which is not susceptible to corrosion

a. Prime the repair with a corrosion inhibitor and seal from the atmosphere

The dimensions of an MS20430AD-4-8 rivet are

a. 1/8 inch in diameter and 1/4 inch long

b. 1/8 inch in diameter and 1/2 inch long

c. 4/16 inch in diameter and 8/32 inch long

b. 1/8 inch in diameter and 1/2 inch long

The length of a rivet to be chosen when making a structural repair that involves the joining of a 0.032-inch and a 0.064-inch aluminum sheet, drilled with a No. 30 drill, is

a. 7/16 inch

b. 5/16 inch

c. 1/4 inch

b. 5/16 inch

When drilling stainless steel, the drill used should have an included angle of

a. 90º and turn at a low speed

b. 118º and turn at a high speed

c. 140º and turn at a low speed

c. 140º and turn at a low speed

The purpose of a joggle is to

a. allow clearance for a sheet or an extrusion

b. increase obstruction for a sheet or an extrusion

c. decrease the weight of the part and still retain the necessary strength

a. allow clearance for a sheet or an extrusion

Most rivets used in aircraft construction have

a. dimples

b. smooth heads without markings

c. a raised dot

a. dimples

When a piece of aluminum alloy is to be bent using a minimum radius for the type and thickness of material,

a. the piece should be bent slowly to eliminate cracking

b. the layout should be made so that the bend will be 90º to the grain of the sheet

c. less pressure than usual should be applied with the movable (upper) clamping bar

b. the layout should be made so that the bend will be 90º to the grain of the sheet

Engine mount members should preferably be repaired by using a

a. larger diameter tube with fishmouth and no rosette welds

b. larger diameter tube with fishmouth and rosette welds

c. smaller diameter tube with fishmouth and rosette welds

b. larger diameter tube with fishmouth and rosette welds

The most important consideration(s) when selecting welding rod is

a. current setting or flame temperature

b. material compatibility

c. ambient conditions

b. material compatibility

(Refer to Figure 4.) The amount of material required to make the 90º bend is

a. 0.3436 inch

b. 0.3717 inch

c. 0.3925 inch

a. 0.3436 inch

The most important factors needed to make a flat pattern layout are

a. radius, thickness, and mold line

b. radius, thickness, and degree of bend

c. the lengths of the legs (flat sections)

b. radius, thickness, and degree of bend

Which statement concerning a welding process is true?

a. The inert-arc welding process uses an inert gas to protect the weld zone from the atmosphere

b. In the metallic-arc welding process, filler material, if needed, is provided by a separate metal rod of the proper material held in the arc

c. In the oxyacetylene welding process, the filler rod used for steel is covered with a thin coating of flux

a. The inert-arc welding process uses an inert gas to protect the weld zone from the atmosphere

Shallow scratches in sheet metal may be repaired by

a. burnishing

b. buffing

c. stop drilling

a. burnishing

A piece of flat stock that is to be bent to a closed angle of 15º must be bent through an angle of

a. 165º

b. 105º

c. 90º

a. 165º

The length of a rivet to be used to join a sheet of .032-inch and .064-inch aluminum alloy should be equal to

a. two times the rivet diameter plus .064 inch

b. one and one-half times the rivet diameter plus .096 inch

c. three times the rivet diameter plus .096 inch

b. one and one-half times the rivet diameter plus .096 inch

MS20426AD-6-5 indicates a countersunk rivet which has

a. a shank length of 5/16 inch (excluding head)

b. a shank length of 5/32 inch (excluding head)

c. an overall length of 5/16 inch

c. an overall length of 5/16 inch

Select the alternative which best describes the function of the flute section of a twist drill.

a. Provides a method for cooling oil to be delivered to the cutting surface

b. Forms the area where the drill bit attaches to the drill motor

c. Forms the cutting edges of the drill point

c. Forms the cutting edges of the drill point

If too much acetylene is used in the welding of stainless steel,

a. a porous weld will result

b. the metal will absorb carbon and lose its resistance to corrosion

c. oxide will be formed on the base metal close to the weld

b. the metal will absorb carbon and lose its resistance to corrosion

A sheet metal repair is to be made using two pieces of 0.0625-inch aluminum riveted together. All rivet holes are drilled for 1/8-inch rivets. The length of the rivets to be used will be

a. 5/32 inch

b. 3/16 inch

c. 5/16 inch

c. 5/16 inch

Which statement best describes magnesium welding?

a. It has low thermal conductivity, so distortion and cracking rarely occur

b. It is recommended to use larger welding beads and a slower welding speed than normal

c. It can be welded successfully using the same type of joints that are used for aluminum

c. It can be welded successfully using the same type of joints that are used for aluminum

The primary alloying agent of 2024-T3 is indicated by the number

a. 2

b. 20

c. 24

a. 2

(Refer to Figure 2.) Select the preferred drawing for proper countersinking.

a. All are acceptable

b. 2

c. 1

c. 1

What is the minimum edge distance allowed for aluminum alloy single lap sheet splices containing a single row of rivets as compared to a joint with multiple rows, all rivets being equal in diameter?

a. The minimum edge distance for the single row is greater than that for the multiple row

b. The minimum edge distance for the single row is less than that for the multiple row

c. The minimum edge distance for the single row is equal to that for the multiple row

c. The minimum edge distance for the single row is equal to that for the multiple row

Which part of the 2017-T36 aluminum alloy designation indicates the primary alloying agent used in its manufacture?

a. 2

b. 17

c. 20

a. 2

When riveting dissimilar metals together, what precautions must be taken to prevent an electrolytic action?

a. Treat the surfaces to be riveted together with a process called anodic treatment

b. Place a protective separator between areas of potential electrical difference

c. Avoid the use of dissimilar metals by redesigning the unit according to the recommendations outlined in AC 43.13-1A

b. Place a protective separator between areas of potential electrical difference

Filing or grinding a weld bead is considered to be

a. an acceptable means to achieve a smoother surface

b. a way to bring about strength reduction in joints

c. frequently necessary to avoid adding excess weight to a weld joint

b. a way to bring about strength reduction in joints

The sharpest bend that can be placed in a piece of metal without critically weakening the part is called the

a. bend allowance

b. minimum radius of bend

c. maximum radius of bend

b. minimum radius of bend

Which of the following is one advantage of HI-LOK fasteners?

a. Shorter transition area between the shank and thread

b. External counterbore at the base to accommodate material thickness

c. Inability to be over-torqued

c. Inability to be over-torqued

Alloy 2117 rivets are heat treated

a. by the manufacturer and do not require heat treatment before being driven

b. by the manufacturer but require reheat treatment before being driven

c. to a temperature of 910 to 930ºF and quenched in cold water

a. by the manufacturer and do not require heat treatment before being driven

Oxygen and acetylene cylinders are made of

a. seamless aluminum

b. steel

c. bronze

b. steel

What is the purpose of refrigerating 2017 and 2024 aluminum alloy rivets after heat treatment?

a. To accelerate age hardening

b. To relieve internal stresses

c. To retard age hardening

c. To retard age hardening

The oxyacetylene flame for silver soldering should be

a. oxidizing

b. neutral

c. carburizing

b. neutral

In selecting a torch tip size to use in welding, the size of the tip opening determines the

a. amount of heat applied to the work

b. temperature of the flame

c. melting point of the filler metal

a. amount of heat applied to the work

Aircraft structural units, such as spars, engine supports, etc., which have been built up from sheet metal, are normally

a. repairable, using approved methods

b. repairable, except when subjected to compressive loads

c. not repairable, but must be replaced when damaged or deteriorated

a. repairable, using approved methods

The shielding gases generally used in the Gas Tungsten Arc (GTA) welding of aluminum consist of

a. a mixture of nitrogen and carbon dioxide

b. nitrogen or hydrogen, or a mixture of nitrogen and hydrogen

c. helium or argon, or a mixture of helium and argon

c. helium or argon, or a mixture of helium and argon

Edge notching is generally recommended in butt welding above a certain thickness of aluminum because it

a. helps hold the metal in alignment during welding

b. aids in the removal or penetration of oxides on the metal surface

c. aids in getting full penetration of the metal and prevents local distortion

c. aids in getting full penetration of the metal and prevents local distortion

Which statement best describes magnesium welding?

a. Magnesium can be welded to other metals

b. Filler rod should be nickel-steel

c. Filler rod should be the same composition as base metal

c. Filler rod should be the same composition as base metal

(Refer to Figure 5.) What is the flat layout dimension?

a. 7.0 inches

b. 6.8 inches

c. 6.6 inches

b. 6.8 inches

When soldering close fitting parts, solder is drawn into the space between the two parts by

a. capillary action

b. the dissimilar temperatures of the parts

c. the pressure caused by the flame of the soldering torch

a. capillary action

When repairing puncture-type damage to a metal-faced laminated honeycomb panel, the edges of the doubler should be tapered to

a. two times the thickness of the metal

b. 100 times the thickness of the metal

c. whatever is desired for a neat, clean appearance

b. 100 times the thickness of the metal

(Refer to Figure 1.) Which of the rivets shown will accurately fit the conical depression made by a 100º countersink?

a. 1

b. 2

c. 3

a. 1

A main difference between Lockbolt/Huckbolt tension and shear fasteners (other than their application) is in the

a. number of locking collar grooves

b. shape of the head

c. method of installation

a. number of locking collar grooves

On a sheet metal fitting layout with a single bend, allow for stretching by

a. adding the setback to each leg

b. subtracting the setback from one leg

c. subtracting the setback from both legs

c. subtracting the setback from both legs

If a streamline cover plate is to be hand formed using a form block, a piece of dead soft aluminum should first be placed over the hollow portion of the mold and securely fastened in place. The bumping operation should be

a. distributed evenly over the face of the aluminum at all times rather than being started at the edges or center

b. started by tapping the aluminum lightly around the edges and gradually working down into the center

c. started by tapping the aluminum in the center until it touches the bottom of the mold and then working out in all directions

b. started by tapping the aluminum lightly around the edges and gradually working down into the center

Which statement is true regarding the inspection of a stressed skin metal wing assembly known to have been critically loaded?

a. If rivets show no visible distortion, further investigation is unnecessary

b. If bearing failure has occurred, the rivet shanks will be joggled

c. If genuine rivet tipping has occurred, groups of consecutive rivet heads will be tipped in the same direction

c. If genuine rivet tipping has occurred, groups of consecutive rivet heads will be tipped in the same direction

When straightening members made of 2024-T4, you should

a. straighten cold and reinforce

b. straighten cold and anneal to remove stress

c. apply heat to the inside of the bend

a. straighten cold and reinforce

How should a welding torch flame be adjusted to weld stainless steel?

a. Slightly carburizing

b. Slightly oxidizing

c. Neutral

a. Slightly carburizing

Which rivets should be selected to join two sheets of .032-inch aluminum?

a. MS20425D-4-3

b. MS20470AD-4-4

c. MS20455DD-5-3

b. MS20470AD-4-4

Where should the flux be applied when oxyacetylene welding aluminum?

a. Painted only on the surface to be welded

b. Painted on the surface to be welded and applied to the welding rod

c. Applied only to the welding rod

b. Painted on the surface to be welded and applied to the welding rod

A single-lap sheet splice is to be used to repair a section of damaged aluminum skin. If a double row of 1/8-inch rivets is used, the minimum allowable overlap will be

a. 1/2 inch

b. 3/4 inch

c. 13/16 inch

c. 13/16 inch

Threaded rivets (Rivnuts) are commonly used to

a. join two or more pieces of sheet metal where shear strength is desired

b. attach parts or components with screws to sheet metal

c. join two or more pieces of sheet metal where bearing strength is desired

b. attach parts or components with screws to sheet metal

What should be the included angle of a twist drill for soft metals?

a. 118º

b. 90º

c. 65º

b. 90º

Which statement is true in regard to welding heat-treated magnesium?

a. The welded section does not have the strength of the original metal

b. flux should not be used because it is very difficult to remove and is likely to cause corrosion

c. Magnesium cannot be repaired by fusion welding because of the high probability of igniting the metal

a. The welded section does not have the strength of the original metal

Welding over brazed or soldered joints is

a. not permitted

b. permissible for mild steel

c. permissible for most metals or alloys that are not heat treated

a. not permitted

What is one of the determining factors which permits machine countersinking when flush riveting?

a. Thickness of the material and rivet diameter are the same

b. Thickness of the material is less than the thickness of the rivet head

c. Thickness of the material is greater than the thickness of the rivet head

c. Thickness of the material is greater than the thickness of the rivet head

What is generally the best procedure to use when removing a solid shank rivet?

a. Drill through the manufactured head and shank with a shank size drill and remove the rivet with a punch

b. Drill to the base of the manufactured rivet head with a drill one size smaller than the rivet shank and remove the rivet with a punch

c. Drill through the manufactured head and shank with a drill one size smaller than the rivet and remove the rivet with a punch

b. Drill to the base of the manufactured rivet head with a drill one size smaller than the rivet shank and remove the rivet with a punch

How many MS20470 AD-4-6 rivets will be required to attach a 10x5 inch plate, using a single row of rivets, minimum edge distance, and 4D spacing?

a. 56

b. 54

c. 52

a. 56

You can distinguish between aluminum and aluminum alloy by

a. filing the metal

b. testing with an acetic acid solution

c. testing with a 10 percent solution of caustic soda

c. testing with a 10 percent solution of caustic soda

Which of the following statements is true regarding replacement rivets?

a. Rivets may never be replaced with a type having lower strength properties

b. The new edge distance of larger replacement rivet must not be less than minimums

c. Rivet spacing for larger replacement rivets is regarded as a design parameter of the manufacturer and does not need to be considered

b. The new edge distance of larger replacement rivet must not be less than minimums

If it is necessary to compute a bend allowance problem and bend allowance tables are not available, the neutral axis of the bend can be

a. represented by the actual length of the required material for the bend

b. found by adding approximately one-half of the stock thickness to the bend radius

c. found by subtracting the stock thickness from the bend radius

b. found by adding approximately one-half of the stock thickness to the bend radius

The general rule for finding the proper rivet diameter is

a. three times the thickness of the materials to be joined

b. two times the rivet length

c. three times the thickness of the thickest sheet

c. three times the thickness of the thickest sheet

What type loads cause the most rivet failures?

a. Shear

b. Bearing

c. Head

a. Shear

Rivet gauge, or transverse pitch is the distance between the

a. centers of rivets in adjacent rows

b. centers of adjacent rivets in the same row

c. heads of rivets in the same row

a. centers of rivets in adjacent rows

What method of repair is recommended for a steel tube longeron dented at a cluster?

a. Welded split sleeve

b. Welded outer sleeve

c. Welded patch plate

c. Welded patch plate

Which of the following need not be considered when determining minimum rivet spacing?

a. Rivet diameter

b. Rivet length

c. Type of material being riveted

b. Rivet length

Which rivet is used for riveting magnesium alloy structures?

a. Mild steel

b. 5056 aluminum

c. Monel

b. 5056 aluminum

The installation of CherryMax and Olympic-Lok rivets is accomplished by utilizing

a. rivet gun, special rivet set, and bucking bar

b. a pulling tool

c. ordinary hand tools

b. a pulling tool

When comparing the machining techniques for stainless steel sheet material to those for aluminum alloy sheet, it is normally considered good practice to drill the stainless steel at a

a. higher speed with less pressure applied to the drill

b. lower speed with more pressure applied to the drill

c. lower speed with less pressure applied to the drill

b. lower speed with more pressure applied to the drill

In gas welding, the amount of heat applied to the material being welded is controlled by the

a. oxygen-acetylene regulator

b. size of the tip opening

c. cutting oxygen valve lever

b. size of the tip opening

A welding torch backfire may be caused by

a. a loose tip

b. using too much acetylene

c. a tip temperature that is too cool

a. a loose tip

A sheet metal repair is to be made using two pieces of 0.040-inch aluminum riveted together. All rivet holes are drilled for 3/32-inch rivets. The length of the rivets to be used will be

a. 1/8 inch

b. 1/4 inch

c. 5/16 inch

b. 1/4 inch

A rivet set used to drive MS20470 rivets should

a. have the same radius as the rivet head

b. have a slightly greater radius than the rivet head

c. be nearly flat on the end, with a slight radius on the edge to prevent damage to the sheet being riveted

b. have a slightly greater radius than the rivet head

Joggles in removed rivet shanks would indicate partial

a. bearing failure

b. torsion failure

c. shear failure

c. shear failure

Heat-treated rivets in the D and DD series that are not driven within the prescribed time after heat treatment or removal from refrigeration

a. must be reheat treated before use

b. must be discarded

c. may be returned to refrigeration and used later without reheat treatment

a. must be reheat treated before use

What is the minimum edge distance for aircraft rivets?

a. Two times the diameter of the rivet shank

b. Two times the diameter of the rivet head

c. Three times the diameter of the rivet shank

a. Two times the diameter of the rivet shank

Which procedure is correct when using a reamer to finish a drilled hole to the correct size?

a. Turn the reamer in the cutting direction when enlarging the hole and in the opposite direction to remove from the hole

b. Turn the reamer only in the cutting direction

c. Apply considerable pressure on the reamer when starting the cut and reduce the pressure when finishing the cut

b. Turn the reamer only in the cutting direction

The markings on the head of a Dzus fastener identify the

a. body diameter, type of head, and length of the fastener

b. body type, head diameter, and type of material

c. manufacturer and type of material

a. body diameter, type of head, and length of the fastener

The shop head of a rivet should be

a. one and one-half times the diameter of the rivet shank

b. one-half times the diameter of the rivet shank

c. one and one-half times the diameter of the manufactured head of the rivet

a. one and one-half times the diameter of the rivet shank

In Gas Tungsten Arc (GTA) welding, a stream of inert gas is used to

a. prevent the formation of oxides in the puddle

b. concentrate the heat of the arc and prevent its dissipation

c. lower the temperature required to properly fuse the metal

a. prevent the formation of oxides in the puddle