Sexual and Asexual reproduction

Sexual advantages

sex allows organisms to be ahead of parasites

Reduces the expression of harmful genes

Sexual disadvantages

requires extra energy (finding a mate)

recombination

male and female must be in contact

Asexual advantages

fast

all cells reproduce

favorable gene combinations are maintained

asexual disadvantages

adaption is restricted

Mitotic parthenogenesis (apomitis)

reproduction by single cells that are derived by mitosis ( egg → female → egg…)

Fission (vegetable reproduction)

reproduction by detachment (1 → 2 → 4 → 8…) (Cnidaria)

Gonochoric (Dioecy)

sexes are separated and individuals are either exclusively male or female (in physical traits)

Hermaphroditism (monoecy)

Both reproductive tissues are present in an individual

simultaneous hermaphroditism

both male and female gametes are produced in the individual at the same time

Selfing

may or may not self-fertilize

sequential hermaphroditism

a change in sex occurs over their lifetime

Sporophyte is what Dioecy

Haploid

Gametophyte is what Dioecy

Diploid