Studied by 2 peoplecensure
verb
express severe disapproval of someone or something, typically in a formal statement
“So far from being decorated, he had been censured for showing cowardice in the battle.”
synonyms : reprimand, blame disapproval
antonyms : praise, agreement, approval
complicity
noun
the state of being involved with others in an illegal activity or wrongdoing
“On the same day it was given out that fresh documents had been discovered which revealed further details about Snowball’s complicity with Jones.”
synonyms : collaboration, guilt, involvement
antonyms : ignorance, innocence, refusal
conciliatory
adjective
intended or likely to placate or pacify
“In addition, four pigeons were sent to Foxwood with a conciliatory message, which it was hoped might reestablish good relations with Pilkington.”
synonyms : calm, appeasing, willing
antonyms : fighting, refusing, stubborn
contrary
adjective
opposite in nature, direction, or meaning
“On the contrary, it is a deep and heavy responsibility.”
synonyms : conflicting, clashing, opposite
antonyms : agreeable, equal, kind
enmity
noun
the state or feeling of being actively opposed or hostile to someone or something
“I merely repeat, remember always your duty of enmity towards man and all his ways.”
synonyms : bad blood, bitterness, dislike
antonyms : approval, friendliness, kindness
frugal
adjective
sparing or economical with regard to money or food
“the truest happiness, he said, lay in working hard and living frugally.”
synonyms : careful, thrifty, saving
antonyms : careless, wasteful, lavish
ignominious
adjective
deserving or causing public disgrace or shame
“And so. within five minutes of their invasion they were in ignominious retreat by the same way as they had come, with a flock of geese hissing after them and pecking at their calves all the way.”
synonyms : disgraceful, shameful, embarrassing
antonyms : respectable
impromptu
adjective
done without being planned, organized, or rehearsed
“An impromptu celebration of the victory was held immediately.”
synonyms : offhanded, spontaneous, unscripted
antonyms : planned, deliberate
incumbent
adjective
necessary for someone as a duty or responsibly
“But before doing so, there were a few words that he felt it incumbent upon him to say.”
synonyms : binding, necessary, urgent
antonyms : unnecessary
intimation
noun
an indication or a hint
“When the cheering had died down, Napoleon, who had remained on his feet, intimated that he too had a few words to say.”
synonyms : cue, inkling, suggestion
antonyms : brightness, information, light
liable
adjective
likely to; maybe going to
“Certainly the animals did not want Jones back; if the holding of debates on Sunday mornings was liable to bring him back, then the debates must stop.”
synonyms : accountable, bound, subject
antonyms : irresponsible, unlikely, unaccountable
oration
noun
a formal speech, especially one given on a ceremonial occasion
"Napoleon himself appeared at the meeting on the following Sunday morning and pronounced a short oration in Boxer's honor.”
synonyms : address, lecture, declamation
antonyms : print, writing
posthumous
adjective
occurring, awarded, or appearing after the death of the originator
"There was also "Animal Hero, Second Class," which was conferred posthumously on the dead sheep.”
synonyms : post mortem, after death
antonyms : alive
ratify
verb
sign or five formal consent to (a treaty/contract/agreement), making it officially valid
"It had come to be accepted that the pigs, who were manifestly cleverer than the other animals, should decide all questions of farm policy, though their decisions had to be ratified by a majority vote.”
synonyms : approve, confirm, endorse
antonyms : deny, destroy, disagree
shirk
verb
avoid or neglect (a duty or responsibility)
"He did his work in the same slow obstinate way as he had done it in Jones's time, never shirking and never volunteering for extra work either.”
synonyms : bypass, dodge, sneak
antonyms : confront, encounter, face
sordid
adjective
involving ignoble actions and motives; arousing moral distaste and contempt
“In glowing sentences he painted a picture of Animal Farm as it might be when sordid labour was lifted from the animals' backs.”
synonyms : nasty, shameful, sleazy
antonyms : clean, good, kind
stratagem
noun
a plan or scheme, especially one used to outwit an opponent or achieve an end
"It now appeared that Snowball had not, as the animals had previously imagined, merely attempted to lose the Battle of the Cowshed by means of a stratagem, but had been openly fighting on Jones's side.”
synonyms : gimmick, ploy, brainchild
antonyms : inactivity, reality, openness
subsist
verb
to exist or continue in existence
"He would end his remarks, he said, by emphasizing once again the friendly feelings that subsisted, and ought to subsist, between Animal Farm and its neighbors.”
synonyms : get along, get by, scrape by
antonyms : cease, depart, die
surmount
verb
to stand or be placed on top of
"It was surmounted by a portrait of Napoleon, in profile, executed by Squealer in white paint.”
synonyms : conquer
antonyms :
taciturn
adjective
(of a person) reserved or uncommunicative in speech; saying little
"Only old Benjamin was much the same as ever, except for being a little grayer about the muzzle, and, since Boxer's death, more morose and taciturn than ever.”
synonyms : aloof, close-mouthed, quiet
antonyms : communicative, fluent, talkative
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Flashcard (43)