Honors Chemistry: Unit 1 Analyzing Data and Measurement

Asphyxiant

Causes lack of oxygen to blood

Caustic

Eats away at tissue (organic material)

Corrosive

Eat as away as inorganic material (synthetic, metals, etc)

Flash point

The lowest temperature where a liquid produces enough vapor to create an ignitable mixture with air near the liquids surface

Acute health hazard

Immediate effect and rapid onset of symptoms

Chronic health hazard

Long lasting effect

Irritant

Can cause inflammation or irritation

Mutagen

Able to cause permanent change to an organisms DNA

Oxidizer

Allows air to be added, facilitates oxidization

Stability

Steadiness, a substances ability to resist decomposition or chemical reactions

Reactivity

The tendency of a substance to undergo chemical reactions

Combustible

A solid that is easily able to catch fire and burn

Explosive

A liquid that is able to rapidly release energy causing a sudden often violent expansion of volume

Flammable

Easily catches fire

Pyrophoric

Ignites upon friction

Hemolytic

Destroys red blood cells

Volatile

Evaporates easily at typical temperature (liquid)

Density

Mass/Volume

Volume

Density x Mass

Rule for measuring with an analog device

Report to one decimal place past what the device is marked to

Significant Figures determine

How good/precise a measuring device is

Kilo

1 × 10³

Base unit length and distance

Meter

Base unit of volume

Liter

Base unit of mass

Gram

Deck

1 × 10^-1

Centi

1 × 10^-2

Milli

1 × 10^-3

Micro

1 × 10^-6

1 mL

1 cm³

Counting numbers are not

Uncertain so they don’t count towards or change sig figs

If there is a decimal visible

Identify the first non zero number, that and everything to the right are significant

If there is NO visible decimal

Identify the last non zero number, that number and everything to the left are significant

In scientific notation

All numbers before the “x” are significant

1. Rules for Multiplication/Division

Identify the number of sig figs in each number and round the final answer to the same number of sig figs as the measured number with the least number of sig figs

Rules for Sig Figs for Add/Sub

identify how many decimal places in each number and round final answer to the same number of decimal places as the number with the least number of decimal places

Add CHOP round