Bone Composition Quiz

Is generation of heat a function of bone?

no

In the kidneys, parathyroid hormone acts to _________blank production of calcitriol and to _________blank excretion of calcium in urine.

increase;decrease

During appositional growth of cartilage, the cells that produce the matrix are the

chondroblasts

High blood calcium and exercise cause calcitonin release to

increase

Which hormone inhibits bone growth?

parathyroid hormone

Bone cells called _________blank break down bone by secreting hydrochloric acid and enzymes that dissolve the matrix.

osteoclasts

Glucocorticoids increase bone _________blank; high levels of serotonin lead to _________blank bone density.

loss, low

Bone is considered an important storage reservoir for

calcium, phosphate, and lipids.

Within which zone of the epiphyseal plate do cartilage cells undergo mitosis?

The second closest zone to the epiphysis.

What is the function of cartilage located in the epiphyseal plates?

Site of bone elongation and growth

To trigger bone growth, growth hormone stimulates the

liver to produce somatomedin.

Where does hematopoiesis occur?

Red bone marrow

Mechanical stress of bones, such as that caused by weight lifting, is detected by

osteocytes, which then communicate to osteoblasts to increase synthesis of osteoid.

As the bone matrix calcifies and the secreting cells become walled in,

osteoblasts become osteocytes.

Osteoid is the

organic part of the bone matrix that gives it tensile strength

What are the matrix rings of compact bone that surround the central canal of each osteon?

Concentric lamellae

What is the incomplete layer of cells and connective tissue that covers all internal surfaces of the bone within the medullary cavity?

Endosteum

Which type of cartilage is found in the intervertebral discs?

Fibrocartilage

In compact bone, _________blank connect adjacent lacunae, thereby providing pathways for nutrients and other materials to pass between osteocytes.

canaliculi

The bones of the wrist are classified as _________blank bones.

short