Radicalisation - Policies Towards Asocials and Homosexuals

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5 Terms

1

Who were asocials

  • Term used by Nazis to describe people who were deemed to be social outcasts

  • Included criminals, the ‘work shy’, tramps, beggars, alcoholics, prostitutes, homosexuals and juvenile delinquents

  • Nazi policies introduce tough measures against them and gives the police more power to enforce them

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2

Policies towards asocials

  • September 1933 - regime began a mass round-up of ‘tramps and beggars’, many were young homeless, unemployed people

  • Nazis did not have enough space in concentration camps to house all of these people (roughly 300,000-500,000)

  • Nazis began to differentiate between ‘orderly’ and ‘disorderly’ homeless - orderly were fit to work, no convictions, disorderly were sen as criminals and sent to camps

  • 1936 - before the Olympics in Berlin, the police rounded up large numbers of ‘tramps and beggars’ from the streets in order to create an image of a dynamic society to the rest of the world

  • 1936 - an ‘asocial colony’ was set up - known as Hashude, in northern Germany - with the aim of re-educating asocials so they can be integrated into society

  • 1938 - even bigger round-up of beggars - most were send to Buchenwald concentration camps and few survived the harsh treatment

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3

Nazi views of homosexuals + the beginning of policies towards them

  • Homosexuality was outlawed in Germany before 1933

  • Most Nazis viewed homosexuals as degenerate, perverted and a threat to the racial health of German people

  • 1933 - The beginning of a Nazi purge of homosexual organisations and literature - clubs were closed down, organisations for gay people were banned and gay publications were outlawed

  • May 1933 - Nazi students attacked the Institute of Sex Research (a gay organisation), and burned its library

  • They also seized the institute’s list of names and addresses of gay people - how the persecution of gay people began

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4

1934-35 policies towards the homosexuals

  • 1934 - the Gestapo began to compile lists of gay people

  • In the same year, the SS eliminated Rohm and other leaders of the Nazi SA who were homosexuals

  • 1935 - the law of homosexuality was amended to widen the definition of homosexuality and to impose large penalties on those convicted

  • After the law was changed - over 22,000 men were arrested and imprisoned between 1936 and 1938

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5

1936-38 policies towards the homosexuals

  • 1936 - Himmler created the Reich Office for the Combating of Homosexuality and Abortion

  • 100,000 men were arrested for homosexuality - 50,000 of which were convicted

  • Some held in camps or rearrested by the Gestapo or SS even after serving time in prison

  • Many imprisoned were subjected to ‘voluntary castration’ to ‘cure’ them of their’ perversion’

  • 60% of gay prisoners died in the camps

  • Lesbians did not suffer the same degree of persecution as they were considered to be ‘asocial’ rather than degenerate

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