Psych 321 Chapter 12

Psychodynamic psychotherapy refers broadly to the approach created by ______ and includes all subsequent adaptations or expansions of it.

A) Carl Rogers

B) Sigmund Freud

C) Hans Strupp

D) B. F. Skinner

B) Sigmund Freud

The primary goal of psychodynamic psychotherapy is ______.

A) to make the unconscious conscious

B) to replace illogical or irrational thoughts with more logical, rational thoughts

C) to use reinforcement or punishment to change target behaviors

D) to enhance self-actualization

A) to make the unconscious conscious

According to the psychodynamic approach, the actual plot of a dream as the dreamer remembers it is the ______.

A) projection

B) dream work

C) latent content

D) manifest content

D) manifest content

According to the psychodynamic approach, the process by which the latent content of a dream is converted into manifest content is called ______.

A) displacement

B) interpretation

C) free association

D) dream work

D) dream work

When clients sense that certain unconscious thoughts and feelings are being laid bare too extensively or too quickly, they create distractions or obstacles that impede the exploration of those thoughts and feelings. This is known as ______.

A) defensiveness

B) resistance

C) displacement

D) transference

B) resistance

According to psychodynamic theory, the ______ is the part of the mind that generates all pleasure-seeking, selfish, indulgent, animalistic impulses.

A) ego

B) superego

C) id

D) alter ego

C) id

According to psychodynamic theory, the ______ is the part of the mind that generates defense mechanisms.

A) ego

B) superego

C) id

D) alter ego

A) ego

According to psychodynamic theory, the ______ is the part of the mind that establishes rules, restrictions, and prohibitions.

A) ego

B) superego

C) id

D) alter ego

B) superego

Displacement is a defense mechanism characterized by ______.

A) doing the opposite of the unconscious wish

B) redirecting the unconscious wish toward a safer target

C) attributing the unconscious wish to others rather than to the self

D) denying the entire conflict surrounding the unconscious wish such that the individual never becomes aware of it

B) redirecting the unconscious wish toward a safer target

Reaction formation is a defense mechanism characterized by ______.

A) doing the opposite of the unconscious wish

B) redirecting the unconscious wish toward a safer target

C) attributing the unconscious wish to others rather than to the self

D) denying the entire conflict surrounding the unconscious wish such that the individual never becomes aware of it

A) doing the opposite of the unconscious wish

______ is the defense mechanism in which the ego projects an id impulse onto other people around us.

A) Displacement

B) Repression

C) Projection

D) Reaction formation

C) Projection

______ occurs when a patient forms a relationship with a therapist in which he unconsciously and unrealistically expects the therapist to behave like important people in his life.

A) Reflection

B) Transference

C) Allegiance effects

D) Countertransference

B) Transference

When a psychodynamic therapy patient does not immediately accept his analyst's interpretation, the analyst may need to repeat the interpretation across multiple sessions before it is fully accepted. This process is known as ______.

A) interpretive reframing

B) working through

C) transference

D) defensive scaffolding

B) working through

The "blank screen" role of the psychotherapist is most important to ______ psychotherapists.

A) cognitive

B) psychodynamic

C) behavioral

D) humanistic

B) psychodynamic

______, according to psychodynamic psychotherapists, is the therapist's unconscious tendency to interact with clients as if the client is very similar to an individual from the therapist's own personal history.

A) Transference

B) Countertransference

C) Fixation

D) Counterfixation

B) Countertransference

Which of the following lists Freud's psychosexual stages in the correct order?

A) oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital

B) genital, oral, phallic, anal, and latency

B) anal, oral, phallic, genital, and latency

D) latency, oral, anal, genital, and phallic

A) oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital

______ is a contemporary variation of psychodynamic psychotherapy that was originally used to treat depression.

A) Time-limited thought shaping

B) Motivational interviewing

C) Exposure plus response prevention

D) Interpersonal therapy

D) Interpersonal therapy

______ is a variation of IPT developed for patients with bipolar disorder.

A) Interpersonal and social rhythm therapy

B) Ego therapy

C) Self-psychology therapy

D) Object relations

A) Interpersonal and social rhythm therapy

Allegiance effects are a bias of the ______.

A) patient

B) therapist

C) researcher

D) reader

C) researcher

Dr. Luna presents a patient with the word "red," and the client responds with "stop." What technique is Dr. Luna utilizing?

A) word association

B) object relation

C) dream work

D) transference

A) word association

Kirk is a patient and is given a task to verbalize any thought that comes to mind, no matter how nonsensical, inappropriate, illogical, or unimportant it may seem. Kirk is being asked to engage in ______.

A) word association

B) fixation

C) projection

D) free association

D) free association

According to psychodynamic psychotherapists, unconscious motivations become manifest when someone makes verbal or behavioral missteps, or ______.

A) dreams

B) manifest content

C) Freudian slips

D) resistance

C) Freudian slips

Millie works in an office and normally always keeps her door open. On Fridays, when her manager goes over her progress, she forgets to open her door. According to psychodynamic school of thought, Millie's actions constitute ______.

A) a Freudian slip

B) free association

C) a dream

D) manifest content

A) a Freudian slip

Clarissa dreams she is a platypus flopping about on a never-ending sandy beach, while the bright sun slowly bakes her to a crisp. Dr. Siggie, her psychologist, explains that the never-ending beach represents her inability to emotionally escape from an abusive relationship, and the sun represents the abuser. What is the manifest content in this scenario?

A) the beach representing her inability to escape an abusive relationship

B) the sun representing an abuser

C) Clarissa as a platypus flopping about on a beach

D) Dr. Siggie's nonverbal behaviors while explaining Clarissa's dream

C) Clarissa as a platypus flopping about on a beach

Ron is a psychotherapy client who senses that certain unconscious material will soon be exposed. This makes him anxious, so he abruptly changes the subject and then misses his next appointment. Ron's psychodynamic psychotherapist is likely to understand Ron's actions as ______.

A) insight

B) resistance

C) displacement

D) transference

B) resistance

Juan has formed a psychotherapy relationship with his clinical psychologist in which Juan unconsciously and unrealistically expects the psychologist to behave like Juan's mother. Juan's situation best illustrates ______.

A) reflection

B) resistance

C) transference

D) allegiance effects

C) transference

Calvin has been seeing a psychodynamic therapist. After the therapist provides him with an interpretation, it takes Calvin many weeks of sessions to incorporate that interpretation into his thinking and behavior. Calvin's post-interpretation period is referred to as the ______ process.

A) fixation

B) blank-screen

C) transference

D) working-through

D) working-through

Maggie is an excessive chewer of gum and is also a chain smoker. According to the psychodynamic view of psychology, this is most closely related to the ______ stage of her development.

A) phallic

B) latency

C) oral

D) anal

C) oral

Dr. Chen models her practice on the primary goal of psychodynamic psychotherapy. Which term accurately describes Dr. Chen's guiding principle?

A) self-actualization

B) insight

C) shaping

D) congruence

B) insight

Prior to Freud, professionals in the mental health field ______.

A) did not acknowledge mental activity outside of conscious awareness

B) universally adopted the idea of the unconscious

C) believed the influence of the unconscious was linked to depression and anxiety

D) rejected the ideas presented by Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow

A) did not acknowledge mental activity outside of conscious awareness

Of the following approaches to psychotherapy, which most heavily relies on inferential methods?

A) behavioral

B) cognitive-behavioral

C) exposure plus response prevention

D) psychodynamic

D) psychodynamic

Which of the following statements about free association is true?

A) It requires clients to censor themselves to a degree.

B) It involves asking clients to think about a meaningful response.

C) It asks clients to say the first word that comes to mind after the therapist speaks a word.

D) It is used by psychodynamic psychotherapists as an effort to access the unconscious

D) It is used by psychodynamic psychotherapists as an effort to access the unconscious

Which of the following best defines a defense mechanism?

A) an attempt to manage conflict between the id and superego

B) a client's unconscious tendency to interact with the therapist as if the therapist were very similar to an important person in the client's personal history

C) a verbal or behavioral "mistake" that, according to psychodynamic psychotherapists, communicates an underlying unconscious wish

D) an attempt to say whatever comes to mind, without censorship, no matter how nonsensical, illogical, or inappropriate

A) an attempt to manage conflict between the id and superego

Of all defense mechanisms, ______ is typically considered to be the most mature or healthy by psychodynamic psychotherapists.

A) displacement

B) repression

C) sublimation

D) reaction formation

C) sublimation

According to psychodynamic psychotherapists, fixation at the oral stage can result in problems related to ______ later in life, fixation at the anal stage can result in problems related to ______ later in life, and fixation at the phallic stage can result in problems related to ______ later in life.

A) dependency; self-worth; control

B) control; dependency; self-worth

C) dependency; control; self-worth

D) self-worth; control; dependency

C) dependency; control; self-worth

Compared to long-term psychodynamic psychotherapy, brief psychodynamic psychotherapy ______.

A) typically requires at least 24 sessions

B) is better suited for clients with severe (rather than mild) pathology

C) focuses more on the past than the present

D) involves a more narrow focus on specific clinical problems

D) involves a more narrow focus on specific clinical problems

Which of the following statements is true about how well psychodynamic therapy works?

A) The nature of psychodynamic therapy readily lends itself to empirical study.

B) Many studies, including meta-analyses, indicate that psychodynamic treatment is generally beneficial.

C) Empirical support for the treatment of personality disorders with psychodynamic therapy does not exist.

D) Transference-focused psychotherapy has been largely discredited as an acceptable treatment for bipolar disorder.

B) Many studies, including meta-analyses, indicate that psychodynamic treatment is generally beneficial.

What finding did a review of many meta-analyses find in regard to psychodynamic therapy?

A) Psychodynamic therapy is only useful when it is brief.

B) Patients tend to dislike psychodynamic therapy.

C) Psychodynamic therapy is beneficial across a wide range of problems.

D) Clinical psychologists tend to misunderstand the steps of psychodynamic therapy

C) Psychodynamic therapy is beneficial across a wide range of problems.