Year 10 Science: Motion Flashcards

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts related to motion, Newton's Laws, safety, graphing motion, formulas, and real-life applications.

Motion

The change in position of an object over time.

Newton's First Law

An object remains at rest or moves in a straight line at constant speed unless acted on by an unbalanced force; also known as the Law of Inertia.

Inertia

The tendency of an object to resist changes in motion.

Newton's Second Law

Force is equal to mass times acceleration (F = m × a).

Newton's Third Law

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Seatbelts

Vehicle safety feature that secures passengers and spreads out force during a crash.

Airbags

Vehicle safety feature that cushions impact and increases stopping time to reduce force.

Crumple Zones

Vehicle safety feature that deforms to absorb energy, increase collision time, and reduce force on passengers.

Speed

Scalar quantity representing distance travelled per unit time (m/s).

Velocity

Vector quantity representing speed with direction (m/s).

Acceleration

Vector quantity representing change in velocity over time (m/s²).

Force

Vector quantity representing a push or pull acting on an object, measured in Newtons (N).

Mass

Scalar quantity representing the amount of matter in an object (kg).

Distance

Scalar quantity representing how far an object travels (m or km).

Displacement

Vector quantity representing distance in a straight line from start to end (m).

Distance-Time Graph Slope

Represents Speed

Horizontal line on a Distance-Time Graph

Represents that the object is stationary

Speed-Time Graph Slope

Represents Acceleration

Horizontal line on a Speed-Time Graph

Represents the object moving at a constant speed

Area under a Speed-Time graph

Represents the distance travelled

Formula for Final Speed

v = u + a × t (v: final speed, u: initial speed, a: acceleration, t: time)

Woomera

First Nations spear thrower that extends arm length to increase spear acceleration, applying Newton's Laws.

Traditional Bow

Stores potential energy when pulling the string, which is released as kinetic energy to launch an arrow.