fc 13 - group 2

why do all group 2 elements have similar chemical properties

they have an s² outer shell configuration

what happens to atomic radii going down the group

extra shells are added and greater shielding from the inner shells which outweighs the greater nuclear charge

what happens ionisation energies going down the group

they decrease because atomic radius increases so there’s less attraction between the outer shell electrons and nucleus

what happens to the reactivity going down the group

it increases because the activation energies decreases so less energy is required to make the atoms ions

group 2 metal + oxygen

group 2 oxide

group 2 metal + water

group 2 hydroxide solution + hydrogen

group 2 metal + acid

group 2 salt + hydrogen

when are alkaline solutions formed

when reacted with water and formed a metal hydroxide, which is slightly soluble if there’s excess water

what happens to solubility of group 2 hydroxide as you go down the group

it increases so the solutions become more alkaline

group 2 oxide + acid

group 2 salt + water

group 2 carbonates + acid

group 2 salt + carbon dioxide + water

are group 2 carbonates soluble

no they’re insoluble in water

what can be used to neutralise acids

group 2 oxides, hydroxides, and carbonates

what are calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide used in

indigestion tablets to neutralise excess acids in the stomach

why are calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide good for indigestion tablets

they’re virtually insoluble so won’t make liquid in mouth or stomach becoming dangerously alkaline

what is calcium hydroxide used for

to neutralise acidic soils in agriculture