Studied by 4 peopleTension Stress
A(n) ________, in which an object is stretched or lengthened.
Torsion Stress
A(n) ________, in which an object is twisted.
Elastic Rebound
________: The sudden release of strain energy when rock moves along a fault.
Earthquakes
________ are caused by forces that act on rocks.
Convergent Boundaries
________: Where plates come together.
Fault
A(n) ________ is a crack in Earths crust along which rock has moved.
Epicenter
________: The point on Earths surface directly above the focus.
Subduction
________: the oceanic side bending and being forced downward beneath the continental slab.
Rift Valley
________: long, linear, dropped- down valley between twin, parallel mountain ranges produced by faulting.
Hot Spots
________ are volcanically active sites that occur in places where large quantities of magma move to the surface in large, column- like plumes.
Plate motion
________ is caused by a combination of forces.
Plate Boundaries
Many volcanoes occur on Earth along ________, over hot spots, or in rift valleys.
seismic waves
To study Earths interior, geologists use ________.
Solid Materials
All ________ expelled by a volcano are collectively called pyroclasts.
Divergent Boundary
________: The boundary between two plates that are moving apart.
Mohorovicic Discontinuity
The ________ separates Earth's crust.
Volcanic Eruptions
________ can expel a variety of materials.
Mantle Material
Friction between a plate and ________ below the plate probably has a major effect on plate motion.
Discontinuity
________: The boundary between two layers of material that have different densities.
Liquid Magma
________ is less dense than the surrounding rock and is forced upward.
Cinder Cone Volcanoes
________: When the primary eruptive products are large fragments of solid material; tend to be small, with most cones having heights in the hundreds of meters range.
Composite Volcanoes
________: formed from alternating highly explosive events that form pyroclastic materials, and lava flows; composed of alternating layers, are large, often thousands of meters high and tens of kilometers across the base.
S waves
________ can not travel in Earth's liquid outer core, but P- waves pass through the outer core and the solid inner core.
earthquake
When a(n) ________ occurs, seismic waves spread out and travel through Earth.
volcano
A(n) ________ is a feature that forms when magma reaches the surface.
Wegener
________ hypothesized that the continents were moving by pushing through the ocean floor.
Magma
________ that has erupted onto Earths surface is called lava.
Earthquake
A(n) ________ is the sudden movement or vibration of the ground that occurs when rocks slip along enormous cracks in Earths crust.
Rift Valley
long, linear, dropped-down valley between twin, parallel mountain ranges produced by faulting
Divergent Boundary
The boundary between two plates that are moving apart
Convergent Boundaries
Where plates come together
Subduction
the oceanic side bending and being forced downward beneath the continental slab
Transform Boundaries
the horizontal motion of two plates past each other
Elastic Rebound
The sudden release of strain energy when rock moves along a fault
Focus
point of origin of an earthquake
Epicenter
The point on Earths surface directly above the focus
Discontinuity
The boundary between two layers of material that have different densities
Asthenosphere
weaker, plasticlike layer upon which Earths lithospheric plates move
Viscosity
a measure of the resistance of a fluid to flow
Cinder Cone Volcanoes
When the primary eruptive products are large fragments of solid material; tend to be small, with most cones having heights in the hundreds of meters range
Shied Volcanoes
form from high-temperature, fluid, basaltic lava and erupt with abundant lava flows that can move for kilometers over Earths surface before stopping; broad, flat structures made up of layer upon layer of lava
Composite Volcanoes
formed from alternating highly explosive events that form pyroclastic materials, and lava flows; composed of alternating layers, are large, often thousands of meters high and tens of kilometers across the base
Transform Boundary
the horizontal motion of two plates past each other.
Focus
point of origin of an earthquake
Athenosphere
weaker, plasticlike layer upon which Earth’s lithospheric plates move.
Viscosity
a measure of the resistance of a fluid to flow.
Note 
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