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5 phases in Prophase I
Leptotene, Zygotene, Pachytene ,Diplotene, Diakinesis
Leptotene
Chromatin begin to condense and become visible
Zygotene
Homologous chromosomes pair up in a process called synapsis.
The synaptonemal complex holds the chromosomes together
Pachytene
Non sister chromatids in the homologous pairs cross over and exchange genetic material, forming a bivalent.
Whats a bivalent
Fully paired homologous chromosomes
Diplotene
The synaptenemal complex disappears, but the homologous chromosomes remain attached at chaismata
What do the chromatids do at the chiasmata
Cross over
Diakinesis
Homologous chromosomes separate