Memory Concepts

These flashcards cover key concepts related to memory, including definitions of various types of memory and processes involved in memory encoding, storage, and retrieval.

The study of how information is processed, stored, and retrieved.

Memory

The process of inputting information into the memory system.

Encoding

The retention of encoded information over time.

Storage

The act of getting information out of memory storage and back into conscious awareness.

Retrieval

A temporary storage system that processes incoming sensory memory, lasting about 20 seconds.

Short-Term Memory (STM)

The continuous storage of information, which has no limit.

Long-Term Memory (LTM)

Memories that can be consciously recalled, including facts and events.

Explicit Memory

Memories not part of conscious awareness, including skills and conditioned responses.

Implicit Memory

Brief storage of sensory events, such as sights and sounds, lasting a couple of seconds.

Sensory Memory

The phenomenon where it is challenging to name a color when the word and color are different.

The Stroop Effect

The loss of long-term memory due to disease, trauma, or psychological factors.

Amnesia

The loss of information from long-term memory.

Forgetting

Occurs when memory is never stored due to lack of effort or attention.

Encoding Failure

The conscious repetition of information to be remembered.

Rehearsal

The process of encoding words and their meanings, the most effective form of encoding.

Semantic Encoding

The encoding of images, which helps recall concrete words better.

Visual Encoding

The encoding of sounds and auditory information.

Acoustic Encoding

The transfer of information from short-term memory to long-term memory.

Memory Consolidation