Untitled Flashcards Set

A plan giving supreme power to the central government and creating a bicameral legislature made up of two groups, or houses, of representatives.

Virginia Plan

A plan creating a unicameral, or one-house, legislature.

New Jersey Plan

An agreement that gave each state one vote in the upper house of the legislature and a number of representatives based on its population in the lower house.

Great Compromise

Only three-fifths of a state's slaves were counted when deciding representation in Congress.

Three-Fifths Compromise

A rule that says a person cannot be tried for the same crime more than once.

Double Jeopardy

The power of the government to take personal property to benefit the public.

Eminent Domain

An act that created three levels of federal courts and defined their powers and relationships to the state courts.

Judiciary Act of 1789

A rebellion of the French people against their king that led to the creation of a republican government.

French Revolution

A formal statement that the United States would not take sides with any European countries who were at war.

Neutrality Proclamation

An agreement that settled the disputes between the United States and Britain in the early 1790s.

Jay's Treaty

An agreement that settled border and trade disputes with Spain.

Pinckney's Treaty

The battle that broke the strength of Native American forces in the Northwest Territory.

Battle of Fallen Timbers

An agreement that gave the United States right of entry to American Indian lands.

Treaty of Greenville

An uprising in which some farmers refused to pay the whiskey tax.

Whiskey Rebellion

A French demand for a $250,000 bribe and a $12 million loan in exchange for a treaty.

XYZ Affair

Laws meant to crush opposition to war that deprived people of the freedom to say and write what they believed.

Alien and Sedition Acts

Formal statements that argued that the Alien and Sedition Acts were unconstitutional.

Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions

Federalist president first elected in 1796 who lost the 1800 presidential election.

John Adams

The purchase of Louisiana from France for $15 million, which roughly doubled the size of the United States.

Louisiana Purchase

A former army captain chosen by Jefferson to lead an expedition to explore the lands of the Louisiana Purchase.

Meriwether Lewis

Co-leader of the western expedition exploring the Louisiana Purchase.

William Clark

Shoshone who helped the expedition by naming plants and gathering fruits and vegetables.

Sacagawea

A Federalist appointed by Adams to be Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.

John Marshall

A case that established the Supreme Court's power of judicial review.

Marbury v. Madison

The Supreme Court's power to declare an act of Congress unconstitutional.

Judicial Review

The case in which the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the Second Bank of the United States was constitutional.

McCulloch v. Maryland

A political group supported by people who opposed Andrew Jackson.

Whig Party

A financial crisis that led to a severe economic depression.

Panic of 1837

The dispute over whether states had the right to nullify, or disobey, any federal law with which they disagreed.

Nullification Crisis

The nickname given to a tariff by the southerners who opposed it.

Tariff of Abominations

The act that authorized the removal of Native Americans who lived east of the Mississippi River.

Indian Removal Act

An agency created to oversee the federal policy toward Native Americans.

Bureau of Indian Affairs