Brain and Nervous System

Vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts related to the brain and nervous system as per the lecture notes.

Meninges

Three connective tissue layers that protect the CNS, which include the dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater.

Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

A fluid that nourishes and protects the brain and spinal cord, circulating through the ventricles and subarachnoid space.

Cerebellum

Part of the brain that refines skeletal muscle movement to ensure coordination and balance.

Diencephalon

A part of the brain consisting of the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus, primarily involved in sensory and autonomic control.

Thalamus

The gateway to the cerebral cortex that processes and relays sensory information.

Cerebrum

The largest part of the brain, responsible for higher brain functions such as thought, action, and sensory processing.

Brainstem

The part of the brain that connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord, controlling vital functions such as breathing and heart rate.

Gyri

The ridges on the surface of the brain that increase its surface area.

Sulci

The valleys or grooves between the gyri on the surface of the brain.

Ventricles

Cavities in the brain filled with cerebrospinal fluid, which provides cushioning and nutrients.

Association Areas

Regions of the cerebral cortex involved in integrating sensory input for perception, reasoning, and decision making.

Primary Motor Cortex

Located in the frontal lobe, responsible for controlling voluntary movements.

Sensory Receptors

Nerve endings that gather information from stimuli in the environment.

Dural Sinuses

Spaces between the dural layers that collect venous blood from the brain.

Subarachnoid Space

The space between the arachnoid mater and pia mater, containing cerebrospinal fluid.

Pons

A section of the brainstem that relays signals between the cerebrum and cerebellum and regulates vital functions.

Medulla Oblongata

The lower part of the brainstem that controls autonomic functions such as heartbeat and breathing.