head and neck muscles

buccinator fxn

-presses cheek against teeth
-wrinkles skin of forehead

buccinator insertion

blends with orbicularis oris & lips

buccinator n

facial n

buccinator origin

Posterior parts of maxilla and mandible

digastric fxn

-elevates hyoid during swallowing & opening of the mouth
-depresses mandible

digastric insertion

tendon between 2 bellies to body of hyoid bone

digastric n

mylohyoid n

digastric origin

Anterior: lower margin of mandible
Posterior: mastoid process

genioglossus fxn

protrudes tongue

genioglossus insertion

Forms bulk of tongue
Some fibers to hyoid

genioglossus n

hypoglossal nerve

genioglossus origin

mental spine of mandible

gleniohyoid fxn

-supports & elevates floor of oral cavity
-depresses mandible when hyoid fixed
-elevates hyoid when mandible is fixed

gleniohyoid insertion

body of hyoid bone

gleniohyoid n

a. rami of c1

gleniohyoid origin

mental spine of mandible

hypoglossus fxn

flattens tongue

hypoglossus insertion

Fibrous tissue of tongue near dorsum

hypoglossus n

hypoglossal nerve

hypoglossus origin

hyoid bone

lateral pterygoid fxn

-protrude mandible
-move mandible side to side

lateral pterygoid insertion

temporomandibular joint capsule and neck of mandible

lateral pterygoid n

mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve

lateral pterygoid origin

Upper Head: infratemporal fossa

Lower Head: lateral side of lateral pterygoid palate

levator labii superioris fxn

raise upper lip

levator labii superioris insertion

upper lip

levator labii superioris n

facial n

levator labii superioris origin

infraorbital rim of maxilla

masseter fxn

elevate mandible

masseter insertion

lateral surface of ramus of mandible

masseter n

mandibular branch of trigeminal n

masseter origin

zygomatic arch and maxillary process of zygomatic bone

medial pterygoid fxn

-protrude mandible
-move mandible side to side

medial pterygoid insertion

medial surface of mandible near its angle

medial pterygoid n

mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve

medial pterygoid origin

-superficial: palatine bone & maxilla

-deep: lateral side of lateral pterygoid palate

mylohyoid fxn

-elevates hyoid
-elevation of flood of mouth
-helps form floor of oral cavity

Mylohyoid insertion

hyoid bone

Mylohyoid n

mylohyoid nerve

mylohyoid origin

internal surface of mandible &
mylohyoid line of mandible

Occipitofrontalis frontal belly fxn

-draws eyebrows up
-wrinkles skin of forehead

Occipitofrontalis frontal belly insertion

skin of eyebrows

Occipitofrontalis frontal belly n

facial n

Occipitofrontalis occipital belly fxn

draws scalp backward

Occipitofrontalis occipital belly insertion

epicranial aponeurosis

Occipitofrontalis occipital belly n

facial n

Occipitofrontalis occipital belly origin

superior nuchal line and mastoid process of the temporal bone

Occipitofrontalis- frontal belly origin

epicranial aponeurosis

omohyoid fxn

-depresses hyoid bone during vocalization & end of swallowing
-fixes hyoid bone

omohyoid insertion

lower border of body of hyoid

omohyoid n

a. rami of c1-c3

omohyoid origin

superior border of scapula

orbicularis oculi fxn

-closes eyelids
-draws eyebrow medially & downward

orbicularis oculi insertion

encircle orbit

orbicularis oculi n

facial n

orbicularis oculi origin

encircles the eye

orbicularis oris fxn

-closes lips
-protrudes lip
-pouting
-kissing
-presses lips against teeth

orbicularis oris insertion

Ellipse around mouth

orbicularis oris n

facial n

orbicularis oris origin

- facial muscles
- mandible
- maxilla

platysma fxn

-draws corners of mouth downward
-grimace
-tenses skin of neck

platysma insertion

mandible

platysma n

facial n

platysma origin

clavicle

scalenus anterior fxn

elevate rib 1

scalenus anterior insertion

Upper surface of rib 1

scalenus anterior n

a. rami of c4-c7

scalenus anterior origin

transverse processes of C3-C6

scalenus medius fxn

elevate rib 1

scalenus medius insertion

Upper surface of the first rib

scalenus medius n

a. rami of c4-c7

scalenus medius origin

Transverse processes of C2-C7

scalenus posterior fxn

elevate rib 2

scalenus posterior insertion

upper surface of rib 2

scalenus posterior n

a. rami of c5-c7

scalenus posterior origin

transverse processes of C4-C6

sternocleidomastoid fxn

-Unilateral contraction: ipsilateral lateral flexion
-unilateral contraction: contralateral head rotation
-Bilateral-neck flexion

sternocleidomastoid insertion

-clavicular head: lateral 1/2 superior nuchal line
-sternal head: mastoid process

sternocleidomastoid n

accessory n

sternocleidomastoid origin

-clavicular head: medial 1/3 clavicle
-sternal head: manubrium

sternohyoid fxn

-depresses hyoid bone during vocalization & end of swallowing
-fixes hyoid bone

sternohyoid insertion

lower border of hyoid bone

sternohyoid n

a. rami of c1-c3

sternohyoid origin

manubrium & clavicle

sternothyroid fxn

depresses larynx

sternothyroid insertion

front of thyroid cartilage

sternothyroid n

a. rami of c1-c3

sternothyroid origin

- manubrium
- medial part of first costal cartilage

styloglossus fxn

retracts tongue upward & backward

styloglossus insertion

Lateral side of tongue
Body of hyoid bone

styloglossus n

hypoglossal nerve

styloglossus origin

styloid process

stylohyoid fxn

elevates hyoid during swallowing

stylohyoid insertion

body of hyoid bone

stylohyoid n

facial n

stylohyoid origin

styloid process

temporalis fxn

protrude mandible & move mandible to the side

temporalis insertion

coronoid process of mandible and anterior margin of ramus of mandible

temporalis n

mandibular branch of trigeminal n

temporalis origin

temporal bone (fossa) & temporal fascia