Studied by 1 person
locale of winchester
population is dominated by more adults and elderyl than kids and teens
summary of cartographic and census evidence describing winschester city centre
91.8% white british residents
63% christian population
18.4% increase in 65+ age group
traditional architecture and hugh value properties
low population density 1.8 people per hectare
42000 commuters
298 crimes in central winchester
is how Winchester is represented in media similar to how it is represented formally? examples
film sets-e.g crown very traditional and similar to formal
representation
architecture very similar e.g the cathedral,west gate mill,winchester college
tourist attractions e.g xmas market in cahtedral great hall
statues-king alfred the great
luminous motion is the only difference as it is modern art
overall conclusion
most artistic representation of Winchester do not contrast with formal cartographic or census data as it mostly highlights its historic architecture,its religion,large elderly middle-aged population there are some rare contrasting images such as the youthful public art
assess the usefulness of soruces such as lyrics and poems in representing a place
not uselful becuase may contrast to quantitative data and exaggerated based on place attachment possibly
usefull as it gives a sense of place
main agents of change in winchester
the town forum is made up of councillors from 6 wards in winchester town
it aims to encourage those organizations with budgets and the ability to achieve change-including the city and county council, the police, our universities, sixth form colleges, and schools
supported by the Academy of urbanism
advised of the town of winchester trust, Winchester Action on climate change, and Winchester Area Community Action
specific place meanings in town vision
we want a sustainable, enjoyable and socially fair city that retains its historic urban characteristics within its remarkable landscape setting that:
encourages, walking and cycling
good affordable public transport
sustainable new and old buildings
programme of planting to perpetuate the famously green character of the city
a vibrant and healthy economic and cultural life in the city which attracts inward investment
re-imaging
dissociates a place from bad pre-existing images in relation to poor housing, social deprivation, high levels of crime, environmental pollution, and industrial dereliction. It can then attract new investment, retailing,tourists, and residents
re-branding
is how a place is re-developed and marketed so that it gains a new identity. It can then attract new investment, retailing, tourists, and residents. It may involve both re-imaging and regeneration
regeneration
is a long-term process involving redevelopment and the use of social,economic and environmental action to reverse urban decline and create sustainable communities
why is station approach reimaging
reimaging is about disassociating a place from a previous negative image
station approach has been allowed to become run down over recent years- it has developed a poor reputation socially and economically
the aim is to reimagine the areas as a gateway to the cathedral city, with the same heritage level, however providing high-quality office space
why is the x-mas market re-branding
rebranding is about marketing a place to change its image, so it draws in new people and investment
idea stolen from Germany- England's Christmas capital
mixed-use town center development including pop-up events come for the event ie ice rink and stay on for shopping
aims:
increase tourism out of season
keep the high street healthy, despite the growth of online shopping
why is silver hill regenerstion
regeneration is a long-term process that requires investment in new infrastructure that will support a better quality of life
Silver Hill is a good example as the plan is to build 25-30 shops,180 new flats and houses, public space,279 parking spaces, new bus facilities, ticket office and a public toilet
has rebranding successfully created a specific place meaning in winchester?
Xmas market has become an important regional event “englands Christmas capital” has become a recognised advertising slogan which supports the growth of winchester as a day trip
but lots of other local towns have successful xmas markets Therefore not very distinctive places meaning
has reimaging been successful in creating specific place meaning in winchester
has had a limited impact on improving architecture e.g covent garden-style flower stalls
but station approach re-imaging weak as cathedral city feel was the main aim
has redevelopment been successful in creating specific place meaning in winchester?
redevelopment has been blocked at the planning stage since 2014. win ACC still wants to influence plans and no investors found yet
potential but poor implementation
silver hill regeneration scheme (original plan)
its a scheme to redevelop run-down parts of Winchester city
planning consent was granted in 2009 for a scheme including:
25-30 new shops
180 new flats and houses
279 parking spaces
new bus facilities
public toilet
public space
updated version in 2014
before progress could be made the banks withdrew funding from thornfield properties during the credit crunch . Thornfield Properties was taken over by the UK property fund of Henderson global investors enabling scheme to go forward
by 2014 the scheme has been revised to reflect changing requirements as follow:
stagecoach no longer saw a need for a bus station,preferred two bus stops on the east and west side of the site
retail space increased from 100,000 to 150,000
reduction in residential units from 287 to 184
no affordable housing instead making contribution to enable affordable units up to 40% to be built elsewhere in the city
private parking from 129 to 180
why was silver hill contreversial
conservative councillor Kim Gottlieb launched a Winchester Deserves Better campaign the critics claimed that
the scheme was out of date
too much retail space would undermine high-street
failed to take into account the growth of Internet shopping
buildings were too high and out of proportion of their surroundings
the building facades were uniformly flat and extremely dull
launches judicial review due to lack of consultation on new plan
concern public transport downgraded in favour of private cars
what happened in may 2015
the developers decided to revive the original 2009 scheme with its bus station and affordable houses,this being the only lawful way of proceeding with the development
council (local)
impacts of external forces operating at different scales
planning and authority
gave consent and permission in 2009 to thornfield properties
ask hgi to get on with developing the updated plan
high court uphold review and demands full consultation
threaten THRE with loss of project if they don’t go ahead.Believes failure to develop silver hill is damaging winchester
How has Winchester City Centre been shaped by past and present connections regionally?
In the past. Winchester City Centre has been shaped by political connections regionally e.g. as the centre of the Saxon Kingdom of Wessex resulting in historical buildings and structures
In the past and present, the City centre has been shaped by regional connections to transport networks e.g. the rail, motorway and A road network, which has improved the accessibility of the city for workers, students, visitors, tourists and residents
In the present, Winchester is shaped by regional connections for commuting workers and students and local produce e.g. Farmer’s Market. It is also shaped by its regional connections to local government (Hampshire County Council)
How has Winchester City Centre been shaped by past and present connections nationally?
In the past, Winchester City Centre has been shaped by political connections nationally e.g. the growth of London as the political and economic centre causing the decline of Winchester
In the present, Winchester City Centre is shaped by connections to national brands e.g. Jack Wills, Cath Kidston and M&S creating a clone town on the High Street. It is also shaped by connections to the national government e.g. Silver Hill planning decisions and as a national tourist destination for UK visitors
How has Winchester City Centre been shaped by past and present connections internationally?
In past Medieval times, Winchester City Centre was involved in the international wool trade, mainly trading with France.
Today, Winchester City Centre is shaped by international connections through global brands e.g. Coco Cola and McDonalds, overseas immigrant workers and residents, overseas tourists and multi-national companies, including chain stores e.g. Pandora and architects e.g. JTP architects for Silver Hill 2. Winchester has been negatively impacted by present international connections, for example the Global Financial Crisis 2007-08.
how significant are past and present developments in shaping Winchester Place's meaning
past-
history central to the meaning of winchester.
architecture dominated by old buildings which is reinforced by pedestrianisation
many people experience winchester as a tourist
connection with Austen and heats reinforces heritage sense of place and contributes to the sense that winchester has a rich cultural life
present-
sense of winchester being well-connected
the city feels socially exclusive and wealthy
has the demographic and cultural characteristics of Winchester City Centre changed?
Overall, there have not been significant changes in the demographic and cultural characteristics of Winchester City Centre over the last 20 years. There have been gradual changes in the demographic characteristics…
for example
There has been an increase in the proportion of young professions living in Winchester City Centre - over 45% of people are aged between 25-49 (2011 ONS)
There has been a gradual increase in immigration - between 2001-2011 the proportion of people born in the UK living in Winchester decreased by 1.7% (ONS)
In 2011, 41% of resident workers commute out of Winchester for work. Of the 76,384 workplace workers in Winchester, 55% commute into the city. Most commuters come from Hampshire, but some come from further afield e.g. London
WinACC is a local oppostion group what was their concerns
excessive parking provision
number of parking spaces increased by 180 above original 295
concern about congestion and pollution
want the plans to promote car share club and electric cars in particular
poor provision for bus passengers
concern public transprot downgraded in favour of private cars they want covered and heated waiting facilities for people catching and changing buses
public realm not convivial
they want open green spaces that enhance public interaction
they feel the proposals were dominated by car parks,private walls and loss of existing green spaces
conflict with existing policies and strategies
they argue the winchester town access plan and vision promote: low-carbon travel, reduced pollution,better social and cultural life for all and better public transport
winchester deserves better says the current proposal will ruin the character of the city
overall aim is to reinforce the historic character of the city
a development that is very much more distinctive and inspiring
the general design principles need to reflect the small plot scale and incremental development that typifies the rest of the city center
public space, locally owned shops no chain stores
How do humans perceive, engage with and form attachments to Winchester City Centre?
Insiders...
For local residents, e.g. Frank Turner, Winchester City Centre is home and a sociable place to meet friends and family
For Winchester university students, Winchester City Centre is home and a place to study
For homeless people, Winchester City Centre offers safety in the Night Shelter
For Hampshire Police, Winchester City Centre is a crime hotspot
for the Tourist Board, Winchester City Centre is attractive for tourists and a source of income and jobs
Outsiders...
For the Halifax Bank, Winchester City Centre is the 'Best Place to Live' in their 2016 survey
For Channel 4 TV presented by Phil and Survey, Winchester was also the best place to live in 2006
How do they present and represent Winchester City Centre to others?
Insiders...
Local residents, e.g. Frank Turner, represent Winchester City Centre as a homely, friendly, sociable place
Winchester university represent Winchester City Centre as a great place to study, including good night life
Homeless people present Winchester City Centre as a place of deprivation and inequality
Hampshire Police present Winchester City Centre as a crime hotspot
The Tourist Board present Winchester as an historic city e.g. The Tutor Trail
Outsiders…
The Halifax Bank, represent Winchester City Centre as the 'Best Place to Live' in their 2016 survey
In Channel 4 TV presented by Phil and Survey, Winchester was represented as the best place to live in 2006
How are the meanings of Winchester City Centre bound up with different identities, perspectives and experiences?
Many insiders have a positive perspective and experience of Winchester e.g. Frank Turner and Winchester university students due to a positive lived experience in a prosperous city. Local people identify with the history of the city.
However, some insiders have a less positive perspective and experience of Winchester due to their lived experience e.g. homeless people and Hampshire Police. House prices are very high in the city and rapidly increasing (280% increase in the last 20 years), this means that it is not affordable for all and inequalities contribute to homelessness and crime.
Outsiders often have a very positive perspective of Winchester due to their media experience - Winchester has won first place in the 'Best Place to Live' surveys of 2006 and 2016.
How are different external agencies attempting to influence or create specific place-meanings and shape the actions and behaviours of others?
Winchester tourist board promote Winchester as an historic and literary city e.g. they have brochures for the Tutor Trail and Jane Austen tour. They are attempting to shape the actions and behaviours of tourists and visitors by attracting them to the city and increasing income and jobs
Winchester Deserves Better are a pressure group who are trying to preserve the meaning of Winchester as an historic city centre. They have successfully protested against inappropriate architecture in Silver Hill that could threaten the historic appearance of the city.
Winchester University are attempting to influence the meaning of Winchester as a great place to study, in order to shape the actions and behaviours of students by attracting them to Winchester
The Chancellor of the Exchequer (national government) is attempting to influence the meaning of Winchester as 'a great place to do business' in order to shape the actions and behaviours of business by attracting them to invest in Winchester
Halifax bank are attempting to influence the meaning of Winchester as 'the best place to live 2016' in order to encourage people to sell houses and move to Winchester and increasing house prices further
The local government are attempting to influence the place meaning of Winchester as a modern, prosperous city e.g. Silver Hill regeneration, in order to shape the actions and behaviours of businesses, visitors, tourists and residents by continuing to attract them to the city.
How is Winchester represented by different forms of media?
The tourist agency represents Winchester as an historic city e.g. the Tutor Trail brochure
Modern photographs on Flickr represent Winchester as an historic city and a place for shopping
Historic paintings from the mid-19th Century represent Winchester as bustling, motorised high street
Modern paintings by Josephine Chisholm still represent Winchester as bustling, colourful high street, but now pedestrianised
In Frank Turner's song 'Wessex Boy', he represents Winchester as a great place for teenagers to grow up, socialise and spend time with friends
In the Television series 'The Last Kingdom', Winchester is represented as the capital of the Saxon Kingdom of Wessex, ruled by King Alfred
In Jane Austen's poem 'When Winchester Races' it is represented as a place of depravity (gambling) and punishment with bad weather (St Swithins Day)
New, modern eco-building architecture at the University of Winchester represents the city as modern and green
Old architecture e.g. the historic 11th Century Cathedral represents Winchester as historic
Modern graffiti is sparse but gives Winchester a more run-down meaning, however ancient graffiti in the cathedral adds to Winchester's historic meaning
How does media give contrasting images to that presented formally or statistically?
The media gives a very similar image to the statistics - Winchester as a prosperous city where the population is growing and house prices are rapidly increasing.
A contrast would be the prosperous media image in contrast to the crime statistics which indicate Winchester City Centre is a crime hotspot
Another contrast would be that Winchester City Centre is represented as a city with a unique character and independent retail, however the clone town statistics show that Winchester High Street is a clone town.
What are the past processes of development in Winchester City Centre?
It was first developed into an Iron Age hill Fort (St. Catherine’s Hill) and then a Roman settlement ‘Venta Belgarvm’
In Medieval times, Winchester developed to become the "the premier city of the West Saxon kingdom"
A Norman cathedral was constructed in the 11th Century
Literature has developed e.g. Jane Austen and Keats
Infrastructure has been developed e.g. M3, A34 and the railway
How have they influenced the social and economic characteristics of Winchester City Centre and therefore its present meaning?
These processes have provided historic buildings e.g. the cathedral which attract tourists and visitors and bring income and jobs to the city
These historic events attract tourists and visitors to the city to learn about them via tourist board activities
Past times of prosperity have helped to establish and maintain Winchester's reputation as a prosperous city, dominated by educated middle classes.
They help to give local people a sense of place, an identify and a sense of belonging
What are the present processes of development in Winchester City Centre?
Development of the University of Winchester
The high street has become a clone town
Independent shops have developed around the high street
Winchester has developed a restaurant and café scene
The Silver Hill 2 regeneration and re-imaging project
The Hat Fair place marketing 'The Art of the Unexpected' – a temporary rebranding?
The Christmas Market place marketing 'The Heart of Christmas'
Tourist Board branding as an historic city and the development of tourist accommodation and activities
Station Approach redevelopment
Environmental development e.g. Abbey Gardens
How are they influencing the social and economic characteristics of Winchester City Centre and therefore its present meaning?
These present processes of development are attracting tourists and visitors to the city, for the history, the arts, the music, the shopping and festivals.
They are also attracting residents to the city, so the population is growing and house prices are rising rapidly
They are also attracting businesses to the city, including both chain stores and independent stores
They are attracting investment into the city e.g. JTP architects investing in Silver Hill 2
They are attracting workers to commute into the city for employment
They are ensuring the ongoing prosperous meaning of the city
How has the character of Winchester City Centre been impacted by the external force of government policy?
Government planning policies have permitted the development of infrastructure such as the railway, M3 and A34 which mean that Winchester City Centre is well connected, attracting people and investment and ensuring its ongoing prosperity.
In 2013, the Chancellor of the Exchequer promoted Winchester as a 'great place to do business' in order to attract investment into the city
In the late 1990s, the local government decided to regenerate Silver Hill, however this has stalled, partly due to government planning decisions and this means that part of Winchester City Centre is run-down and in need of improvement.
How has the character of Winchester City Centre been impacted by the external force of multinational corporations?
Investment by multinational chain stores has given Winchester High Street a similar character to other places – a clone town e.g. Costa and L'Occitane
Multinational corporations are involved in the regeneration of Silver Hill e.g. the current architects JTP
The regeneration of Silver Hill was delayed by the global financial crisis of 2007-08, which was caused by the actions of multinational corporations (banks). It triggered the bankruptcy of the first Silver Hill developer 'Thornfield Properties'
How has the character of Winchester City Centre been shaped by shifting flows of people at different scales?
The population of Winchester City Centre has fluctuated over different timescales...
The population grew in Roman times when Winchester became a Roman settlement. The Romans eventually abandoned the settlement and the population declined until Saxon times, when King Alfred turned Winchester into the centre of his Kingdom resulting in significant growth. The population declined again between 12th-17th Century due to the growth of London as the capital city and due to the plague, but the construction of the railway in 1840 fuelled the recent growth of the city
Today, the resident population of Winchester City Centre is increasing (8.7% between 2001-2011), but the population also increases seasonally as it is a popular tourist destination in the summer months and also for the Christmas market in December. The population also increases during work days when commuting worker travel into Winchester – 55% of the workplace workers (whereas only 41% of resident workers commute out of the city)
The repeated periods of population growth have shaped the prosperous, historical character of the city
However, increased flows of people have also caused homelessness and it is a crime hotspot.
How has the character of Winchester City Centre been shaped by shifting flows of resources, money and investment at different scales?
There has been significant investment of resources and money into Winchester in the past…
For example, when Winchester became the centre of the Saxon Kingdom under King Alfred – this has given Winchester a historical character
The construction of the railway station in 1839 – this made Winchester well-connected attracting further investment and people
There is still significant investment of resources and money into Winchester today…
In 2013, the Chancellor of the Exchequer promoted Winchester as a 'great place to do business' in order to attract investment into the city
House prices are rising rapidly (280% over last 20 years) giving Winchester a prosperous character (Halifax Best Place to Live Survey 2016)
There is considerable investment in tourist activities e.g. Christmas Markets and the Hat Fair giving Winchester a festive, lively and active character
A lack of investment in regeneration projects such as Silver Hill means that Winchester City Centre appears run-down in places, but future investment is proposed to improve these locations
Investment by chain stores has given Winchester High Street a similar character to other places – a clone town e.g. Costa and L'Occitane
However, in streets adjacent to the High Street, ongoing investment by independent shops and businesses has helped Winchester to maintain a unique and independent character as a 'home town' e.g. Cadogan Designer clothing store
The global financial crisis in 2007-2008 impacted Winchester City Centre e.g. the Silver Hill developer went bankrupt. One of the many delays in the Silver Hill regeneration project.
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