Chapter 23: Chemical Reactions

Agitation

________ or stirring is a physical process that allows reactants to mix.

Catalysts

________ increase the rate and inhibitors decease the rate.

Single-Displacement Reactions

________ are described by the general equation A + BC → AC + B.

chemical reactions

All ________ release or absorb energy.

Exothermic Reaction

In a(n) ________, molecules have enough energy to overcome the activation energy barrier.

Solid Barium Sulfate

________ is formed from the reaction of two solutions.

Endothermic Reaction

________: When the energy needed is in the form of heat.

small amount of sulfuric acid

A(n) ________ is added to increase conductivity.

Double-Displacement Reaction

________: the positive ion of one compound replaces the positive ion of the other to form two new compounds.

Inhibitors

________: Substances that are used to slow down a chemical reaction.

reaction rate

Increasing the concentration of a substance increases the ________.

Chemical Bonds

In compounds, chemical potential energy is stored in ________ between atoms.

Copper

________ in a wire replaces silver in silver nitrate, forming a blue- tinted solution of copper (II) nitrate.

Precipitate

A(n) ________ is an insoluble compound that comes out of solution during this type of reaction.

law of conservation

According to the ________ of energy, energy can not be created or destroyed, but can only change form.

Combustion Reaction

________: occurs when a substance reacts with oxygen to produce energy in the form of heat and light.

Energy

________ is needed by atoms and molecules to break old bonds and to form new ones.

surface area

Increasing the ________ increases the chance for collisions, which will increase the reaction rate.

Energy Diagram

The ________ for an exothermic reaction is the reverse of an endothermic reaction.

Mercury Metal Forms

________ when mercury oxide is heated.

Rate of Reaction

________: the speed at which reactants are consumed and products are produced in a given reaction.

Catalyst

________: substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being permanently changed itself.

Single-Displacement Reaction

________: When one element replaces another element in a compound.

Chemical Reaction

A(n) ________ will go faster at higher temperature and slower at lower temperature.

Double-Displacement Reaction

A(n) ________ takes place if a precipitate, water, or a gas forms when two ionic compounds in solution are combined.

endothermic reaction

With a(n) ________, the reactants have a lower energy level than the products.

exothermic reaction

With a(n) ________, the products have less stored energy than the reactants.

Reaction Rate

________ is important in the manufacturing industry because the faster the product can be made, the less it usually costs.

Catalyst

A(n) ________ lowers the activation energy of the reaction.

Chemical Reactions

When ________ occur, new compounds form when bonds between atoms in the reactants break and new bonds form.

Exothermic Reaction

________: When the energy given off in a reaction is primarily in the form of heat.

Chemical Reaction

________: a change in which one or more substances are converted into new substances.

Chemical Reactions

________ can be controlled by agitation.

Chemical Reaction

a change in which one or more substances are converted into new substances

Reactants

The substances that react

Products

The new substances produced

Chemical Equation

a way to describe a chemical reaction using chemical formulas and other symbols

Balanced Chemical Equation

The balancing process involves changing coefficients in a reaction

Combustion Reaction

occurs when a substance reacts with oxygen to produce energy in the form of heat and light

Synthesis Reaction

two or more substances combine to form another substance

Decomposition Reaction

occurs when one substance breaks down, or decomposes, into two or more substances

Single-Displacement Reaction

When one element replaces another element in a compound

Double-Displacement Reaction

the positive ion of one compound replaces the positive ion of the other to form two new compounds

Activation Energy

The minimum amount of energy needed to start a reaction

Endothermic Reaction

When the energy needed is in the form of heat

Exothermic Reaction

When the energy given off in a reaction is primarily in the form of heat

Rate of Reaction

the speed at which reactants are consumed and products are produced in a given reaction

Catalyst

substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being permanently changed itself

Inhibitors

Substances that are used to slow down a chemical reaction