Dermatology Review

Flashcards for reviewing common skin conditions, burns, and related information.

What is psoriasis?

A non-contagious skin disease with long periods of symptoms that decrease or disappear; cause is unknown.

What are some possible causes of psoriasis?

Cold weather, pregnancy, heavy alcohol drinking, and endocrine changes.

What are the symptoms of psoriasis?

Thick red areas covered with silver/white scales.

What are some treatments for psoriasis?

Ointments, topical vitamin D, or artificial UV lights to improve symptoms.

What is ringworm?

A highly contagious fungal infection of skin or scalp, also known as tineas.

What are the characteristics of the ringworm?

Flat or raised in a circular area with a healthy-looking inner area surrounded by an itchy, scaly, or crusty outer ring.

What is the treatment for ringworm?

Antifungal medications, both oral and topical.

What is a first-degree burn?

Only the surface of the epidermis is affected.

What is a second-degree burn?

Deeper injury that causes blistering.

What is a third-degree burn?

Involves all the layers of the skin.

What is a fourth-degree burn?

Burns extend into the muscle and bone.

What is a chemical burn?

Damage to tissue, including skin, eyes, and internal organs, caused by an acid or base (chemicals).

What is a thermal burn?

Injury to skin caused by excessive heat, such as flames, hot liquids, or steam.

What is an electrical burn?

Rapid tissue damage caused by the passage of electricity through the body.

What is Verrucae?

Warts caused by HPV: human papillomavirus.

What are warts?

Rough, hard, elevated (raised), rounded surface on skin, commonly infecting the skin, including genitals, mouth, and throat.

How are warts treated?

Freezing, acid, laser therapy, or shave excision.

What is melanoma?

The most dangerous type of skin cancer that develops in melanocytes of the epidermis.

Is Melanoma contagious?

No, it is not contagious.

What is dermatitis?

Inflammation of the skin.

Is dermatitis contagious?

No, it is not contagious.

What are causes of dermatitis?

Irritation, allergic reaction, pollen, certain foods, poison ivy, sumac, or poison oak.

What are symptoms of dermatitis?

Dry skin, erythema, itching, edema, maculopapular rashes, and scaling.

What are treatments for dermatitis?

Anti-inflammatory ointments, antihistamines/steroids.

What is eczema?

Non-contagious inflammatory dermatitis caused by an allergen or irritant.

What are causes of eczema?

Diet, cosmetics, soaps, medications, and emotional stress.

What are symptoms of eczema?

Dry skin, erythema, itching, edema, maculopapular rashes, itching, vesicles that crust or ooze, and scaling.

What are treatments for eczema?

Thick creams with low water content to keep the area moist.

What is impetigo?

Highly contagious skin infection caused by streptococci or straphylococci organisms.

Who does impetigo mainly affect?

Children and infants.

What are the symptoms of impetigo?

Red lesions on the face, especially around the nose and mouth, or other areas; yellowish-brown crust.

How is impetigo treated?

Lesions should be washed with soap and water and kept dry; treatments include antibiotics, both topical and oral.

How is impetigo spread?

Skin-to-skin contact.