9.1 WWI & Interwar Years history

Q: What were the four MAIN causes of WWI?

A: Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism.

Q: What event in June 1914 officially started WWI?

A: The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary in Sarajevo, Bosnia.

Q: What were two reasons the U.S. entered WWI in 1917?

A: 1. The sinking of the Lusitania (unrestricted submarine warfare by Germany).










2. The Zimmermann Telegram (Germany’s proposal to Mexico to attack the U.S.).

Q: What were two reasons Russia withdrew from WWI in 1917?

A: 1. The Russian Revolution led by the Bolsheviks.










2. Economic collapse and mass casualties weakened Russia’s ability to fight.

Q: Why did Germany feel bitter about the Treaty of Versailles?

A: It had to accept full blame for the war (War Guilt Clause) and pay huge reparations.

Q: Why did Italy feel betrayed by the Treaty of Versailles?

A: It didn’t receive the land it had been promised for joining the Allies.

Q: Why did Japan feel resentment after the Treaty of Versailles?

A: It was not given full control over Chinese territories and was not recognized as an equal world power.

Q: Why did the Middle East (Southwest Asia) feel betrayed?

A: The Mandate System placed former Ottoman lands under European control instead of granting them independence.

Q: How did Africa and Asia feel about the Treaty of Versailles?

A: Their hopes for independence were ignored, as European powers kept their colonies.

Q: How did Joseph Stalin respond to the Great Depression?

A: He implemented the Five-Year Plans, focusing on industrialization and collectivization, but at great human cost (famines, purges).

Q: How did Adolf Hitler attempt to fix Germany’s economy?

A: He promoted public works projects, military rearmament, and autarky (self-sufficiency).

Q: How did Franklin D. Roosevelt address the Great Depression?

A: He introduced the New Deal, which provided government programs and relief efforts to help unemployment and economic recovery.

Q: What was a similarity between Hitler, Stalin, and FDR’s economic strategies?

A: All used government intervention to stimulate the economy.

Q: What was a major difference in their economic approaches?

A: FDR worked within a democratic system, while Hitler and Stalin ruled through totalitarian control.

Q: What was the Triple Entente?

A: An alliance between France, Russia, and Britain before WWI.

Q: What was the "Powder Keg of Europe," and where was it located?

A: The Balkans, due to nationalist tensions and instability.

Q: Who was Otto von Bismarck?

A: The German chancellor who unified Germany and maintained European balance before WWI.

Q: Who were the Central Powers in WWI?

A: Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria.

Q: What was the Western Front in WWI?

A: The battlefront between Germany and France, characterized by trench warfare.

Q: What were the characteristics of trench warfare?

A: Stalemates, harsh conditions, use of barbed wire, machine guns, poison gas, and massive casualties.

Q: What was the Armenian Genocide?

A: The mass killing of Armenians by the Ottoman Empire during WWI.

Q: What was the Mandate System?

A: A system where former Ottoman and German territories were placed under British and French control by the League of Nations.

Q: What is an armistice?

A: A formal agreement to stop fighting; WWI ended with an armistice on November 11, 1918.

Q: Who was Lenin, and what was his slogan?

A: Leader of the Bolsheviks in Russia; his slogan was "Peace, Land, and Bread."

Q: What were the Fourteen Points?

A: Woodrow Wilson’s plan for peace after WWI, including the League of Nations.

Q: What is hyperinflation?

A: A rapid and extreme increase in prices, which occurred in Germany after WWI.