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Riots 1965-7
During the years 1965-7 there were riots in many cities across the USA.
Emergence of Black Power
Following the riots, the Black Power movement emerged against this backdrop of urban unrest.
Black Power Movement
It was originally a political slogan, but by the 1960s it came to cover a wide range of activities that aimed to increase the power of blacks in American life.
Stokely Carmichael
A black civil rights activist in the 1960's. Leader of the Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee. He did a lot of work with Martin Luther King, but later changed his attitude. Carmichael urged giving up peaceful demonstrations and pursuing black power. He was known for saying,"black power will smash everything Western civilisation has created."
Stokley Carmichael and the SNCC
Stokley Carmichael and the SNCC wanted blacks to take responsibility for their own lives and reject white help.
Political force
Carmichael wanted black Americans to create their own political force so that they would not have to rely on the black groupings such as the NAACP, CORE and SCLC.
'Black is beautiful'
A slogan used by Carmichael and his followers. He wanted black people to have pride in their heritage and promoted African forms of dress and appearance.
Criticisms of Carmichael
He attracted criticisms due to his aggressive attitude.
Mexico Olympics 1968
The Black Power movement gained publicity at the 1968 Mexico Olympics.
200 metres winners Ceremony
At the winners ceremony two athletes Tommie Smith and John Carlos, wore part of the movements uniform: a single black glove and a black beret. Smith wore a black scarf to represent black pride, black socks with not shoes to represent black poverty. They also gave the black power salute.
Black Power Salute
A clenched fist in the air.
Initial reactions
Tommie Smith and John Carlos were banned from the Olympic Village and set back to the USA.
Death threats
Tommie Smith and John Carlos both faced death threats when they returned to the USA.