PY 131 Chapter 8: Rotational Motion
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What is the Center of Mass (CM)?
A point that moves as if all the mass of an object were located there.
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Does the Center of Mass have to be inside the object?
No
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What is the formula for calculating the Center of Mass of a system made up of two point masses along the x-axis?
x_CM = (m_A/M)(x_A) + (m_B/M)(x_B)
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What is the formula for calculating the Center of Mass of a system of many point masses?
The weighted average of the x coordinate of each point mass.
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What is the correct form of Newton's Second Law for a system made up of two or more objects?
a_CM = 1/M(F_ext)
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What is the net external force?
The external force acting on a system that comes from something outside the system.
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What are internal forces?
Forces exerted on each other by two objects in the system, which do not contribute to F_ext.
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What happens to the Center of Mass under the net external force acting on the system?
It moves like a point particle with mass M.
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What is rotational motion?
The motion of rigid objects around a single line in space called the axis of rotation.
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What are polar coordinates?
A more useful way to describe the motion of objects in rotational motion, using the polar coordinates r and θ.
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What is the formula for angular velocity?
ω = Δθ/Δt
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What is the formula for frequency?
f = 1/T
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What is the formula for angular acceleration?
α = Δω/Δt
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What is the formula for linear speed?
v = r×ω
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What is the formula for centripetal acceleration?
a_C = r×ω^2 = v^2/r
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What is the formula for tangential acceleration?
a_tan = r×α
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What is uniform circular motion?
A type of motion in which the acceleration points towards the center of the circle and the object's speed is constant
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What is non-uniform circular motion?
A type of motion in which the acceleration points in a non-central direction.
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What is the formula for the centripetal force?
∑ _radial components F= FC=maC= mv^2 / r =mrω^2
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What is the sum in the formula for centripetal force?
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