Lexicology

Lexicology

Study of words and vocabulary in a language. a lexeme is a unit of meaning, typically one word.

Noun

Person, place, thing, or idea

Verb

Action or doing word

Auxiliary verb

Precedes the main verb

Modal verb

Shows ability, possibility, permission, or obligation

Adjective

Describes a noun

Adverb

Describes actions (verbs)

Preposition

Shows relationship of a noun/pronoun to another word

Pronoun

Replaces a noun

Conjunction

Joins words or groups of words

Determiner

Adds detail or clarifies a noun

Interjections

Words to express emotions

Function words

In-between words used to frame major content words

Content words

Carry majority of meaning

Word loss/word formation processes

Ways to shorten/lengthen a word

Neologisms

Made-up/new words

Borrowing

Taking words from other languages

Commonisation

Process whereby a proper noun becomes a common noun

Archaism

Use of deliberately old-fashioned language

Colloquialisms

Informal words or phrases

Slang

Very informal language

Profanity

Vulgar, rude, or obscene language

Coordinators (conjunctions)

connects two things of equal syntactic importance. FANBOYS (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so)

Subordinators (conjunctions)

links dependent to independent clause. e.g. after, although, as, as if, because, before, how, if, since, than, though, unless, until, when, where and while.

nominalisation

The process of turning verbs into nouns. e.g. interfere to inference, argue to argument. often ends in: "-ion/tion", "-ment," "-ity/-ty", and "-ness."

Obselence

the loss of a language due to the native speakers preferring a different language.