global
pertaining to the whole world; worldwide; universal
local
relating to or occurring in a particular area, city, or town; located or living nearby
skills
The ability to do something well, usually gained through training or experience
knowledge
our understanding of facts or other information
Issue
an important topic or problem for debate or discussion
Analysis
A detailed examination of the elements or structure of something.
Evolution
Change over time
Synthesis
The combination of more one thing together in order to understand more effectively by exploring similarities and differences
Debate
A confrontation of opposing views on a issue and each side tries to seem convincing
Perspective
point of view
Claim
An assertion, usually supported by evidence
reason
a claim used to support a conclusion
Assertion
a declaration or statement
Conclusion
A summary based on evidence or facts
Argument
A statement put forth and supported by evidence
argument indicators
words like "therefore" and "for" that signal an argument and point out the premises or conclusion
Therefore test
a technique which inserts the word therefore into a text to test whether or not it is an argument
Rhetoric
the art of using language effectively and persuasively
Identify
establish or indicate who or what (someone or something) is.
Explain
Give a detailed account including reasons or causes.
Structure
The arrangement of elements of a text
Evidence
proof
Strength
A feature of an argument which makes it more likely it will be accepted
Weakness
a feature of an argument which makes it less likely it will be accepted
Line of argument
a separated direction or type of argument which leads to the conclusion
counter argument
an argument which could be made to challenge another argument
inferential gap
the gap of reasoning between a reason and the conclusion it supports
assumption
A belief or statement taken for granted without proof.
intermediate conclusion
a conclusion that is then used as a reason
main conclusion
The final conclusion of an argument
primary evidence
first-hand information, directly about something
secondary evidence
evidence that by its nature suggests the availability of better evidence in the matter in question
quantitative evidence
includes things that can be measured, cited, counted, or otherwise represented in numbers- for instance, statistics, surveys, polls, census information
Qualitative evidence
Information which reflects the feelings, thoughts, meanings and understandings of people in order to gain understating about why and how a situation is unfolding as it is
facts
information that is true or demonstrable
opinion
A personal view, attitude, or appraisal.
reliability
the extent to which a piece of evidence provides acceptable support for claim
Crediability
the quality of being trusted and believed in
Reputation
An idea held by the public about something or someone
Ability to observe
to observe how far a source has first-hand knowledge of the things its argues about
Vested interest
an inherent motivation to pay attention
Expertise
specialized skill or technical knowledge; know-how; expertness
Neutrality
The degree to which a source either show balance or deliberately selects argument and evidence in order to support a particular case
Bias
A particular preference or point of view that is personal, rather than scientific.
Analogy
A comparison of two different things that are similar in some way
Empathy
the ability to understand and share the feelings of another
research
The systematic study of materials and sources in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions.
broadsheet
a large piece of paper that contain information on one side/newspaper
tabloid
a smaller version of a newspaper, often with more criticisms news
Key words
Specific word choices in a text that strongly support the tone, mood, or meaning of the text.
topic
the subject of something or idea
Skimming
rapid, superficial reading of material to determine central ideas and main elements
Topic sentence
A sentence that expresses the main idea of the paragraph in which it occurs.
Scanning
reading material in an investigative way to search for specific information
Reflection
The process of serious thought or consideration
theme
Central idea of a work of literature
Imperative
absolutely necessary
declarative
makes a statement
interrogative
asks a question
Command words
Words in the sentence that commands the reader to do smth
Question stem
A word starting a question, such as what, how, is, should or can, which controls the type of question which is asked in the range of possible responses
Vagueness
indefiniteness, uncertainty, imprecision; not clear or specific
Ambiguity
The multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage.
Stipulated definition
a definition with clearly defined parameters for how the word or term is being used in the context of a speech
Expert definition
A definition from an expert on a certain felid
Clarification by contrast
clarification of the meaning of a term by contrasting it with what it is not, in order to narrow down the possible range of things it could be understood as
Clarification by example
The process of using a example to clarify the idea
Dictionary definition
A definition that stated from the dictionary
Theory
an explanation using an integrated set of principles that organizes observations and predicts behaviors or events
practice
learn by repetition
agenda
Plan of action; purpose
Minutes
written record of topics discussed and actions taken during meeting sessions
Content word
a noun, verb, adjective, or adverb that conveys meaning
Citation
a quotation from or reference to a book, paper, or author, especially in a scholarly work.
Referencing
differentiation of one entity from many; noting the presence of a single object, action, or event for one's communication partner
Paraphrase
to restate in other words
main body
contains the important information about the topic
essay introduction
restate the prompt or question
essay conclusion
Final section of an essay, which reaches and supports a final judgement
essay model
a suggested pattern for a piece of writing, and which you can use to evaluate your own writing
signpost
phrase and words used to guide the reader through the essay
Verbatim
word for word
bibliography
the written list of all the books used in a report or book
thesis, antithesis, synthesis
intellectual proposition, negation of the thesis, solves conflict between thesis and antithesis
topic sentence
A sentence that expresses the main idea of the paragraph in which it occurs.
decoding
reading texts by mapping the marks on the page to specific meanings