Global Conflict, Decolonization, and Political Change after WWII

Flashcards covering key vocabulary, events, and figures from the lecture on global conflict and political change after World War II.

Jawaharlal Nehru

Leader of the Congress Party in India, advocating for a parliamentary government and a moderate socialist economy.

Indira Gandhi

Prime Minister of India for most of the time between 1966 and 1984, faced challenges such as population growth and ethnic strife.

Kashmir Dispute

Conflict between India and Pakistan over a territory between the two nations.

Bangladesh

New nation formed in 1971 after declaring independence from Pakistan due to growing divisions between East and West Pakistan.

United States

Granted total independence to the Philippines in July 1946.

Aung San Suu Kyi

The daughter of Aung San, led the Burma Independence Army in 1947 and won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1991.

Pol Pot

Leader of the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia, responsible for the massacre of more than 1 million Cambodians.

Ferdinand Marcos

President of the Philippines who came to power in 1965. Accused of involvement in the killing of Benigno Aquino.

Corazon Aquino

Became president of the Philippines in 1986 and worked for democratic reforms.

Gamal Abdel Nasser

Leader who took control of the Egyptian government in the early 1950s, supporting Arab nationalism and opposing the existence of Israel.

Suez War

War in 1956, launched by Great Britain, France, and Israel against Egypt after Nasser seized the Suez Canal Company.

Pan-Arabism

Arab unity, which Nasser promoted Arab unity so that wealth derived from oil could improve the standard of living throughout the Middle East.

Six-Day War

War launched by Israel against Egypt and other Arab states in 1967, resulting in Israel taking control of Gaza, the Sinai Peninsula, the West Bank, East Jerusalem, and the Golan Heights.

Camp David Accords

Agreement in 1979 between Egypt and Israel, leading to Israeli withdrawal from the Sinai Peninsula and ending the state of war between the two countries.

Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)

Organization formed to represent Palestinian interests, calling for the destruction of Israel.

Intifada

Movement of uprising concentrated in the territories controlled by Israel since the 1967 Arab-Israeli war.

Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini

A member of the Muslim clergy who led the opposition to the Shah in Iran

Saddam Hussein

Seized Kuwait in August 1990, leading to the Gulf War.

Mujahideen

Anti-Communist Islamic forces supported by the United States and Pakistan that ousted the Soviets from Afghanistan.

Islamic Fundamentalism

Conservative religious forces in the Middle East that tried to replace foreign culture and values with Islamic forms of belief and behavior.

Apartheid

Racial segregation.

Pan-Africanism

Unity of all black Africans, regardless of national boundaries.

Mercedes-Benz people

East African countries are known as the wabenzi

Nelson Mandela

The African National Congress leader who was imprisoned for almost twenty-six years, but still never wavered from his resolve to secure the freedom of his country.

François Duvalier

Dictator in Haiti who created a private militia, terrorized the country, and killed tens of thousands.

Juan Perón

Argentinan president elected in 1946, with his chief support coming from labor and the urban middle class.

"One Hundred Years of Solitude"

A novel by Gabriel García Márquez in which fantasy and reality combined.