Graphing Motion and Work

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mass measured

• kilograms

• kg

distance measured

• meters

• m

time measured

• second

• s

velocity formula

• v = d/t

• meters

• second

work formula

• w = fd

• kilograms

• meters

• seconds

acceleration formula

• a = v/t

• meters

• seconds

kinetic energy formula

• E_k = 1/2 mv²

• kilograms

• meters

• seconds

force formula

• f = ma

• kilograms

• meters

• seconds

gravitational potential energy formula

• E_p = mgh

• kilograms

• meters

distance

how far an object travels

displacement

how far an object travels relative to original position

speed

rate between distance and time

velocity

rate between displacement and time

acceleration

rate between change in velocity and time

independent variables

• controlled variables (controlled by you)

• on the x axis (horizontal line)

dependent variables

• measured variables

• on the y axis

position time graph

measure velocity

constant velocity

• straight line on graph

• slope is constant

velocity changing

• curved line on graph

• slope changing

• up if positive

• down if negative

positive velocity

• slope is positive

• moves upwards and right

velocity-time graph

measure acceleration

acceleration is zero

• straight line

• slope is zero

• only velocity

positive acceleration

• slope is positive

• upwards line moving right

negative acceleration

• slope is negative

• downwards line

decreasing velocity/acceleration

• different velocity

• different distance intervals for given time segments

formula for slopes

• rise/run

• velocity/time

• v₂ - v₁ / t₂ - t₁ 

force distance graphs

measure work done by an object

work

area under curve of a force vs. position graph

positive work

• areas above the position axis

• recieves energy from surroundings

• displacement and force in the same direction

negative work

• areas below the position axis

• gives energy to surroundings

• displacement and force in the opposite direction

uniform

• constant

• the same rate

• straight line

• travel same distance at the same time

non-uniform

• not constant

• different rates

• does not travel same distance at the same time