Module 11 Endocrine Glands and their Hormones

Adrenal Cortex, Glucocorticoids (cortisol)

regulate carbohydrate levels in body

Adrenal Cortex, Mineralocorticoid (aldosterone)

regulate electrolytes and fluid volume in body

Adrenal Cortex, Steroid sex hormones such as androgen

responsible for reproduction and secondary sexual characteristics; sex hormones from adrenal cortex may be converted to estrogens in bloodstream

Adrenal medulla, Epinephrine (adrenaline)

intensifies response during stress; “fight-or-flight” response

Adrenal Medulla, Norepinephrine

acts chiefly as vasoconstrictor

Ovary, Estrogen

stimulates development of secondary sex characteristics in females; regulates menstrual cycle

Ovary, Progesterone

prepares for conditions of pregnancy

Pancreas, Glucagon

stimulates liver to release glucose into the blood

Pancreas, Insulin

regulates and promotes entry of glucose into cells

Parathyroid Gland, Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

stimulates bone breakdown; regulates calcium level in the blood

Pineal Gland, Melatonin

regulates circadian rhythm

Pituitary Anterior Lobe, Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

regulates secretion of some adrenal cortex hormones

Pituitary Anterior Lobe, Gonadotropins

includes 2 hormones: follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone

Pituitary Anterior Lobe, Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

stimulates growth of eggs in females and sperm in males

Pituitary Anterior Lobe, Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

regulates function of male and female gonads and plays role in releasing ova in females

Pituitary Anterior Lobe, Growth hormone (GH)

stimulates growth of body

Pituitary Anterior Lobe, Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)

stimulates pigment production in skin

Pituitary Anterior Lobe, Prolactin (PRL)

stimulates milk production

Pituitary Anterior Lobe, Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

regulates function of thyroid gland

Pituitary Posterior Lobe, Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)

stimulates reabsorption of water by the kidneys

Pituitary Posterior Lobe, Oxytocin

stimulates uterine contractions and releases milk into ducts

Testes, Testosterone

promotes sperm production and development of secondary sex characteristics in males

Thymus, Thymosin

promotes development of cells in immune system

Thyroid Gland, Calcitonin (CT)

stimulates deposition of calcium into bone

Thyroid Gland, Thyroxine (T4) and Triiodothyronine (T3)

stimulates metabolism in cells