U.S Industrialism

Why did people leave the farms to work in factories?

Due to better wages, job opportunities, and industrial growth.

What were Jim Crow Laws?

Laws that enforced racial segregation.

What did Plessy v. Ferguson uphold?

'Separate but equal' doctrine.

How did Industrialization improve literacy rates in America?

It led to public education growth and access to resources like books and libraries.

What was the impact of the Transcontinental Railroad on America?

It connected the country, boosted trade, and encouraged westward expansion.

What was the purpose of the Homestead Act?

To grant land to settlers to promote westward expansion and development.

What did the Dawes Act aim to do?

To assimilate Native Americans by dividing tribal lands into individual allotments.

What was the significance of the public hanging against the Dakota Tribe?

It served as punishment during the Dakota War of 1862 and intimidated tribes.

Why did the U.S. lose the Battle of the Little BigHorn?

Underestimation of Native forces and lack of reinforcements.

What did the Massacre at Wounded Knee signify?

The end of major Native American resistance to U.S. expansion.

Why did Cowboys drive cattle to big cities?

For slaughter and distribution in urban markets.

What challenges did Cowboys face while driving cattle?

Weather challenges, rustlers, and long, exhausting journeys.

What was the purpose of political machines?

To maintain power by helping immigrants and the poor in exchange for votes.

Why was the Pendleton Act passed?

To create a merit-based system to curb corruption in government jobs.

Why did Farmers form the Populist Party?

To fight for economic reforms and protect their interests against industrialists.

What was the Farmers' stance on Silver value?

They wanted the value of Silver to be increased to boost money circulation and reduce debts.

What hindered the Populist Party from winning presidential elections?

Lack of widespread urban support and opposition from major political parties.

What were Robber Barons?

Wealthy industrialists who exploited workers for personal gain and monopoly power.

Who were Captains of Industry?

Influential business leaders who boosted the economy and modernized industries.

What is Vertical Integration?

A strategy where a company controls all production steps, reducing costs and improving efficiency.

What is Horizontal Integration?

A method of consolidating competitors to dominate a specific industry.

What is Social Darwinism?

A belief that the strongest businesses or individuals would naturally succeed.

Why was the Sherman Antitrust Act not enforced for ten years?

The government lacked the will and resources to challenge powerful monopolies initially.

What was the purpose of labor unions?

To improve wages, hours, and working conditions for workers.

Why did the KOL labor union fail?

Due to internal conflicts and association with violence like the Haymarket Riot.

Why did the IWW labor union fail?

Due to government suppression and radical views.

Why did the AFL succeed?

By focusing on skilled workers and practical goals.

Why did some poor citizens believe in Socialism?

It promised fair wealth distribution and better rights for workers.

What was the Haymarket Riot?

A labor protest in Chicago that turned violent, leading to anti-union sentiments.

What was the Homestead Strike?

A violent labor dispute at Carnegie Steel over wage cuts and union-busting efforts.

What did the Pullman Strike highlight?

Tensions between labor and management.

What do the major labor strikes demonstrate about the working class in the U.S.?

They reveal widespread worker dissatisfaction and the struggle for labor rights.

What were Push Factors for Immigration?

Poverty, war, and persecution in home countries.

What were Pull Factors for Immigration?

Job opportunities, freedom, and the promise of a better life.

Why were some immigrants quarantined?

To prevent the spread of diseases like smallpox and cholera.

What were the causes of Industrialism?

Technological advancements, abundant resources, growing labor force, increased investment, and expanded transportation networks.