SST - History - BEGINNING OF THE MODERN PERIOD (flashcards)
[[Pre-topic Prep: TImeframe of the Period, Importance of Dates, What is Colonialism[[
^^Modern Period of India^^ - Middle of 18th century to present. 250 years. revolutionary changes in USA, FRANCE, RUSSIA, CHINA, ITALY, GERMANY.
How is this period significant? - ^^Indian people awoke to their right of freedom and become independent in 1947.^^
^^Importance of Dates^^ - They allow students to ^^arrange past events and processes in terms of sequence and duration.^^
^^First General-Governer^^ - Warren Hastings
^^Last VIceroy^^ - Lord Mountbatten
Who divided ^^Indian History into Hindu, Muslim, and British Period^^s? - When Scottish economist and political philosopher ^^James Mill publish “A History of British India”.^^
What did James Mill think? - Before British rule, ^^hindu and muslim despots ruled the country and religious intolerance, social evils, and superstitions^^. ^^British rule introduced modern Imac. (insti., manners, arts, culture.^^
Modern Indian History Division - ^^Ancient, Medieval, Modern^^
^^Modern Period - Growth of modernity, SRDLE (science, reasons, democracy, liberty, equality.^^
^^Medieval Period - A society where modern features didn’t exist.^^
^^British period AKA - Colonial period bcz no LEF (liberty, equality, freedom.)^^
^^Colonialism - Extension of a nation’s sovereignty over territory beyond its borders by the establishing settler colonies where indigenous populations are directly ruled or displaced. System of direct political, economic, and cultural intervention and hegemony by a powerful country over a weaker one.^^
^^Process of colonisation - Colonising nations dominate the resources, labour, and markets of the colonial territory. Also impose SCRL structures on indigenous population. (socio-political, religious, linguistic.^^
[[Main Content: Sources of Information[[
^^Administrative Records^^ - ^^Important source of information. Provided basis of what happened in particular period.^^ Invention of printing press → ^^production of books, magazines, newspapers, journals.^^
^^Literary Sources^^ - ^^Individual writings as well as government records of British administration^^. British felt need of preserving important documents and letters. Thus ^^record rooms, museums, archives preserve important records.^^
Newspapers - ^^important literary source as carry spirit of the time^^. carry ^^news, cartoons, letters, editorials, ads.^^
^^National Archives of India^^ - built in 1920s. ^^proceedings of meetings of government officials, diaries of officials, letters, eyewitness accounts, court proceedings.^^
^^The National Museum in New Delhi^^ - Preserved CPWJA of the period. (^^coins, paintings, weapons, jewellery and other artefacts.) Located close to the Viceregal Palace, reflects importance of these insti.^^
^^The Salarjung Museum in Hyderabad^^ - 43k art objects, 50k books. ^^Indian art, European art, childrens art, rare manuscript section.^^
^^Surveying and mapping^^ - ^^Maps, photographs, paintings, and statues constitute an imp part of sources.^^
^^Surveying^^ - common practice under colonial admin. ^^country had to be known before adminstrated.^^
^^Survey of India^^ - Made detailed ^^maps of towns, villages, mountains, and coasts^^. ^^First Surveyor General in 1815. establishment of Geological Survey in india 1851.^^
^^First comprehensive census of India - The 1871 India Census.^^
^^First modern census - in 1881^^
^^Census^^ - Held ^^every ten years^^. Preparing detailed records of ^^people in provinces in india.^^
^^Types of Surveys - Revenue Surveys, botanical, zoological, archaelogical, forest, etc.^^
^^Official Records^^ - ^^What officials thought, interested in, wished to preserve for prosperity. They do not tell us what people in the country felt or lay behind their actions.^^
^^Other sources - diaries of people, accounts of travellers, biographies, autobiographies, magazines and journals.^^
^^First woman to write an autobiography - Rassundari Devi, in bengali^^
^^Neel Darpan by - Deenabandhu Mitra, based on exploitation of workers in indigo plantations^^
^^Vincent Smith - wrote books of history of india. first time books on economic history of india were written in this period.^^
^^newspaper languages - in english, tamil, gujarati, bengali, urdu, persian.^^
^^famous newspapers - Kesari by Bal Gangadhar Tilkak & Mirat-ul-Akhbar by Raja Rammohan Roy^^
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