Psychometric Properties

What does it mean if a test is reliable?

The results/scores of the test are consistent over time.

What does it mean if a test is valid?

The test accurately measures the construct it claims to assess.

What is a construct in the context of testing?

The ability or trait that is being assessed by the test.

What is an example of nominal level measurement?

Yes or no responses, or left or right handedness.

What characterizes the ordinal level of measurement?

Rank-order categories with defined characteristics but not equal intervals.

What is an example of ordinal level measurement?

Likert scales.

What defines the interval level of measurement?

Equal distances between units, allowing for multiplication.

What is an example of interval level measurement?

Body temperature scale.

What is the ratio level of measurement?

A level that has a true zero point, allowing for all mathematical calculations.

What is an example of ratio level measurement?

Height, weight, or range of motion (ROM).

What is assessment standardization?

An assessment that has undergone rigorous psychometric analysis with published guidelines.

What does objectivity in assessment mean?

Defining the setup, test items, and scoring of responses consistently.

What is the purpose of measurement responsiveness?

To indicate change due to an intervention provided.

What is Minimal Detectable Change?

The smallest change in scores that a test can detect beyond measurement error.

What is Minimal Clinically Important Difference (MCID)?

The change in scores that results in substantial gains for the individual.

What is concurrent validity?

The correlation of scores on a measure with those on an existing measure (gold standard).

What is predictive validity?

The ability of scores to predict future abilities or outcomes.

What is internal consistency in reliability evidence?

The degree to which different test items that propose to measure the same construct yield similar results.

What does criterion-related evidence of validity include?

Concurrent and predictive validity.

What are the types of construct validity to report in OT?

Content validity, internal structure, relationships to other variables, and consequences of testing.

What is the significance of evidence for clinical utility?

It assesses the relevance, administration, and respondent burden of the assessment.

What should psychometric studies include?

Adequate sample size, description of missing data, subscale analysis, and appropriate statistical reporting.

What are potential weaknesses of assessment tools?

Limitations in psychometric properties, cultural relevance, and comprehensiveness.

How do psychometric properties influence clinical decision-making?

They determine the appropriateness and effectiveness of the assessment tools used in practice.