H Apologetics Quiz 1

Reason

the use of unaided human intellect in contact with reality through the series

Apology

an acknowledgement of a failure

Apologist

a person who offers an argument in defence of his/her faith

Skepticism

questioning someone or something

REASON : Principle of non-contradiction

A thing cannot be true and not true at the same time and in the same respect

REASON : Law of Excluded Middle

At any one time and aspect, a statement must be true or false; there is no middle option

REASON : Principle of Self-reference

A claim is false if it is refuted when applied to itself

REASON : Principle of Sufficient Reason (Principle of Cause and Effect)

Whatever happens must have a sufficient reason for its happening. There's always a "because" for every real "why"

REASON : Inductive Reasoning

Extracting a general rule from a specific example

REASON : Deductive Reasoning

Applying a general rule to a specific situation, yielding a specific conclusion

REASON : Principle of Complete Explanation

Whichever argument has the most evidence (and isn't leaving anything out) should be considered the most reasonable

REASON : Principle of Objective Evidence

In order for something to be considered true, it should contain evidence that is verifiable by others

FALLACIES : Ad hominem argument

a claim that rests on the reputation of the speaker

FALLACIES : Red Herring

Raising an irrelevant topic in order to distract attention from the original topic

FALLACIES : Non sequitur

drawing a conclusion from a convincing but unrelated set of premises

FALLACIES : Argument from consensus

an argument based on majority

FALLACIES : Begging the question

drawing a conclusion that was assumed; citing an assumption as its own proof

FALLACIES: Argument from silence

An argument based on the law of opposing evidence

FALLACIES : Misplaced burden of proof

Asking the other party to "prove it" when the responsibility for proof is yours (burden of proof lies on the argument that is least probable)

What are the basic rules of Apologetics from faith?

1. Pray

2. You don't have to know everything now.

3. Its okay to make mistakes

4. Always view a question or attack on your faith as an opporunity

5. Don't get frustrated with the amount of info

6. Never be afraid to say I don't know

What aspects of religion are a choice?

-It is a choice, our response has to be free and personal

-It is a choice, the response involves using our intellect and will

What aspects of religion are NOT a choice?

-It is NOT a choice, some things about reality are not up to individuals to choose. Some religious truths fall into this category (Whether there are 17 gods, 1 God, or nothingness)

What are the basic rules of Apologetics from reason?

1. Stating clearly what is believed

2. Giving evidence for what is believed

3. Responding to disputes to what is believed

What are correct ways to address a skeptic?

1. Use secular evidence

-history + archeology

-the existence of Hebrew people, Pontius Pilot, Jesus was crucified

2.Ask them if they believe in love (or widely accepted concept we have no tangible proof of)

-Assertion should be sufficient enough, love can't be proven

3. Use principle of self-reference

4. Point out that he/she is begging the question

What are the 4 ways to know truth?

Reason, conscience, divine revelation, common understanding

Real Faith

a focus on your faith leads to understanding

What is the difference between rational and non-rational decision making?

rational- well thought out, based on logic, educated (don't guess)

What are the causes of misunderstanding?

1. Failure to understand a term

-define your def. of the term

2. Error or a fact

-Be able to identify the facts being stated

-Test the fact by experience and reason

3. Invalid Reasoning

-Make sure statements are correct