Ap Euro- Unit 3 Review (unfinished)

The Netherlands

dutch, gain independence from treaty of Westphalia, states general, “hodgepodge of states,”

• parliamentary monarchy

• political absolutism

• James I

• Charles I

Didn’t like pariament because it would not fund war with spain, petition of rights grant him those funds

1640 needed more funds war with scots, didn’t trust him, he invaded parliament and start civil war: cavaliers(king) vs roundheads(parliament)

Almost done

35

petition of rights

parliament issue, Charles could can funds for war if: no taxing, no prison without trial, no housing soldiers (quartering), no martial law, WITHOUT parliament

Almost done

36

oliver cromwell

reorganize roundhead army leading to success vs charles I, conquered scotland and ireland ruler as Lord Protector, establish PURITAN republic

Mastered

37

The Glorious Revolution

parliament and William iii of orange revolt against James II (catholic), james flee to france, william iii and mary ii (james protestand daughter) rule

Almost done

38

Bill of Rights

reinstate constitutional monarchy/parliaments power, limit power of the monarch, grant civil liberties of english privileged classes

Almost done

39

Louis XIV

exemplify absolutism, king of france, attach nobles (domesticated them) to court at versailles

built palace of Versailles (cost about half france anual revenue), exemplifying baroque art, name himself the sun king, built army

make ministers preach divine right of kings (God chooses kings)

revoke edit of nantes- hugenots flee france

Almost done

40

Peter the Great

absolutist tsar of russia, visit western europe and upon return westernized russia, developed navy, wanted warm water port to communicate with the west (got one in the black sea, got one is the baltic sea or gulf of finland), where he built new/westernized capital St Petersburg,

also establish Holy Synod: govern church according to tsar secular requiments

Almost done

41

Mercantalism

Government regulate trade in hope of increasing national wealth (gold/silver/bullion), best way for a nation to gain trade

belief that there is only a certain amount of wealth in the world

colonies to provide resources to home country

Mastered

42

The Middle Passage

triangle: europe bring guns to Africa for slaves, slaves taken west indes for sugar, sugar taken back to europe

cotton, tobacco, sugar depend of slaves

terrible/cruel crossing conditions (refered to as middle passage) many died

Almost done

43

The seven years war

Fredrick the Great(prussia) invade saxony germany- creating alliances he feared: france and austria, plus sweden russia and small german states

fredrick end up saving prussia with england financial support and russia(peter iii) switch sides

ended with treaty of huberstusburg which gave prussia power

Almost done

44

Copernicus

polish astronomer, sun centered model (heliocentric universe), wrote on revolutions of heavenly spheres

• Petition of Right

• the Long Parliament

Cavaliers

Roundheads

• Oliver Cromwell

• Charles II

• the Glorious Revolution

• English Bill of Rights

• Robert Walpole

• Louis XIV

• palace of Versailles

•  “divine right of kings” 

Jansenism

• War of the Spanish Succession

• Duke of Orleans

parlements

• Frederick William 

Junkers

• Peter the Great

Mercantilism

• Philip V

• Charles III

Peninsulares

Creoles

• slavery (causes, conditions, effects)

• The War of Jenkins’s Ear`

• The War of Austrian Succession

• Maria Theresa

• Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle

• Convention of Westminster

• The Seven Years’ War

• Treaty of Paris of 1763

• William Pitt

• Sugar Act

• Stamp Act

• George III

• Intolerable Acts

• John Wilkes

• Yorkshire Association Movement

• Effects of the American Revolution