apush unit 3

Territories Britain gained from France in North America during the Seven Years’ War:

Canada, east of Mississippi Valley

Key political and economic British Imperial policies targeting the American colonies, after Seven Years’ War:

Taxes; Tea Act, Stamp Act, ect; Proclamation of 1763; banned colonial settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains

Colonists reactions to British policies after the Seven Years’ War:

enraged; rioted against taxes; Boston tea party; intolerable acts

First Continental Congress (1774)

Happened in response to the intolerable acts

Stopped trade with Britain

Limited taxes on colonists

Allowed colonists to legally assemble

Second Continental Congress (1775-1781)

Declaration of Independence

Set a plan to raise money to pay off debt

Tried to raise taxes but failed

Made inflated currency

Lexington and Concord

British seized colonial military supplies in Concord

British arrested Samuel Adams and John Hancock in Lexington

British retreated from Concord to Boston

Battle of Saratoga

Britain failed to take control of New York and New England

British surrendered

Patriots gained control of the northern states

Battle of Yorktown

Last major battle

Britain had little success

Battle of Trenton

Surprise attack on Christmas lead by George Washington

Crossed the Delaware River

Attacked German soldiers while they were sleeping

Loyalist (Tories) characteristics

loyal to the king/Britain

Conservative

Wealthy

Educated

Older generation

Patriot characteristics

Strongest support in New England

Represented across class lines, urban areas

Fought due to personal loss or grievances

Drew inspo from Enlightenment philosophies

Neutral Characteristics

Just trying to survive

Wants to keep family and farms safe

Doesn’t care what happens so long as they stay safe

Articles of Confederation (1777)

Failed because it couldn’t tax

No chief or judiciary

Couldn’t enforce treaty provisions

Declaration of Independence (1776)

U.S. officially removed themselves from Britain to become their own country

Federalist Papers (1787-88)

Letters written by Alexander Hamilton and James Madison

Built public and political support for the new constitution

The Albany Congress Plan/Plan of Union 1775

Proposal by Benjamin Franklin

Create a unified government with a President-General and Grand council

Rejected by colonists and Britain

Thomas Paine’s Common Sense (1775-76)

47 page pamphlet

Explaining why the colonies should declare independence

The Constitution (1787)

Great compromise; had a House and Senate

3/5 compromise

Vote for president

Fundamental rights for colonists

George Washington

Unanimously voted for president in 1789

John Adams

Second president

Signed the Alien and Sedition Acts

Thomas Jefferson

Secretary of State for GW

Part of First Cabinet

Alexander Hamilton

Secretary of Treasury

Bank of the United States

Part of First Cabinet

James Madison

Made the first draft of the Federal Constitution

Federalist Papers

Reasons for U.S. finances after  Revolutionary War

War debt

Continental currency was practically worthless

Jay’s Treaty

Normalized U.S. relations with Britain

Removed remaining British troops from Northwest territories

George Washington’s Farewell Address

Warned against the evils of political parties

Warned against permanent foreign treaties

Why the Franco-American Treaty ended by 1800

French condemned Jay’s Treaty

Attacked American shipping

federalists

wanted a central government

wanted national authority

Northwest Ordinance

established process for admission of new states

Allowed expansion but banned slavery expansion

Increased tension with Native Americans

Alien Act

Raised residence requirements for U.S. citizenship

President can deport dangerous foreigners

Sedition Act

heavy fines for falsely written things about the government

Republican Motherhood

Elevated women's role as educators

Response to changes by revolution; politicized women but denied civic rights

Shay's Rebellion

Armed insurrection by indebted farmers and revolutionary war veterans

Protested high taxes and economic hardships

Lead by Daniel Shay

anti-federalists

feared a central government would lead to a democracy

wanted state rights