biology MT

the space outside the nucleus of an atom contains

electrons

what makes up a molecule of water

two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen

what type of ion forms when a atom loses electrons

positive ions

when salt is dissolved in water the water is

solvent

a substance with a PH of 6 is called

acid

isotopes are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons and

different number of neutrons

a covalent bond is formed as the result of

sharing electrons

if an atom contains 15 protons it contains 15

electrons

a chemical bond is formed by the transfer of electrons is an

ionic bond

monosaccharide is

carbohydrate

when hydrogen and oxygen combine to form water, water would be

a product

if a reaction in one direction releases energy, the reaction in the opposite direction

absorbs energy

enzyme affect the reactions in living cells by changing the

speed of reaction

what is the process that changes one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals

chemical reaction

energy needed to get a reaction started

activation energy

chemical reactions that release energy often

occur spontaneously

a substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction

catalyst

not a part of DNA nucleotide

acid group

in an enzyme- catalyzed reaction what is the name given to the reactants

substrates

what is the name given for the place where the reactants come together

active site

reactant —> product

—> yield

exothermic

releases heat

endothermic

absorbs head

eukaryotes usually contain

nucleus

what is not found in the nucleus

chromosomes

which organelle breaks down compounds

lysosome

which organelle makes protein

ribosome

which organelle converts the chemical energy

mitochondrion

which of the following is a function of the cell membrane

regulates which materials enter and leave the cell

which of the following is an organ of the digestive system

stomach

who invented the first microscope

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

who was the first person to use the term cell

Robert hooke

main function of the cell wall

support and protect

an organelle found in the cytoplast

nucleolus

plants have a ©

chloroplast

plant cells have a (c

cell wall

plant cells have one large

vacuole

animal cells have

centrioles

3 types of passive transport

osmosis, diffusion, facilitated diffusion

2 types of active transport

protein pumps, endocytosis

4 levels of organization

cell, tissue, organ, organ system

why are the 4 levels multicellular organisms

they cant function without each other

data

information gathered over time

the ability to reproduce results

experiment

therory

may be revised or replaced

basic unit of length

meter

what helps observe small living organism

compound light microscope

an instrument used to separate cells

centrifuge

hypotheses

prior knowledge, imaginative guesses

controlled experiment allows a scientist to test a

single variable

well tested explanation

theory

internal conditions fairly constant

homeostasis

instrument that allows light to pass through

compound light microscope

separate the different cell parts

cell fractionation

biology is the study of

living things

the basic unit of volume

liter

a variable that is deliberately changed

manipulated variable

energy is released from ATP when

the phosphate group is removed

light collecting units of chloroplast are

photosystems

the Calvin cycle takes place in

chlorophyll molecule

jan van helmort concluded the plants gain most of their mass from

water

ingenhouz showed that plants produce oxygen bubbles when exposed to

light

heterotrophs

cannot make their own food

autotrophs

make their own food

calvin cycle is another name for

light independent reactions

light dependent reactions take place in the

thylakoid membranes

light absorbing molecules called

pigments

plants take in the suns energy by absorbing

sunlight

equation for photosynthesis

CO₂ + H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂

equation for photosynthesis in word form

carbon dioxide + water sunlight- sugar + oxygen

3 basic compounds

protons, neutrons, electrons

element is determined by the number of

protons

the nucleus of an atom consists of

protons and neutrons

a single proton has what electrical charge?

positive charge

which particles have approximately the same size and mass as each other

protons and neutrons

which two particles would be attracted to each other

electrons and protons

the atomic number of atom is

the number of protons

changing the number of neutrons of an atom changes its

isotope

according to the atomic theory, electrons are usually found

outside the nucleus