Chemical Equations and Stoichiometry

Flashcards covering key concepts related to chemical equations, stoichiometry, and related concepts.

Chemical Reaction

A process where atoms are rearranged without being created, destroyed, or changed.

Balanced Chemical Equation

An equation that shows equal numbers of each type of atom on both sides, using balancing coefficients.

Balancing Coefficients

Numerical values that indicate the proportions of reactants and products in a balanced chemical equation.

Inspection Method

A trial-and-error approach for balancing simple chemical equations.

Molecular Mass

The sum of atomic masses of all atoms in a molecule, applicable only to covalent compounds.

Formula Mass

The sum of atomic masses of all atoms in a formula unit of a compound, used for ionic compounds.

Mole

A quantity that equals 6.022 x 10^23 atoms or molecules of a substance.

Avogadro’s Number (NA)

6.022 x 10^23, the number of atoms in one mole of a substance.

Molar Mass

The mass of one mole of a substance, numerically equal to its atomic, molecular, or formula mass.

Percent Composition

The percentage by mass of each element in a compound relative to the total mass.

Empirical Formula

The simplest whole number ratio of each atom type in a compound.

Molecular Formula

The actual number of each type of atom in a molecule.

Limiting Reactant

The reactant that is completely consumed first in a reaction, limiting the amount of product formed.

Excess Reactant

The reactant that remains after the limiting reactant is completely consumed.

Percent Yield

The ratio of the actual yield of a product to the theoretical yield, expressed as a percentage.