Community Health Science Exam

What are the six dimensions of wellness?

physical, emotional, social, intellectual, spiritual, enviormental

Define wellness

an active process of choices that lead to a healthy & balanced life

Define Stress

The body’s response to challenges or demands.

Ways to eliminate stress?

Exercise, deep breathing, good sleep, time management, relaxing techniques

The types of stress

acute, chronic, and eustress

what can stress do if not managed properly?

Stress can cause health problems, anxiety, trouble, sleeping, and a weekend immunity

functional medicine vs. Conventional medicine.

Functional medicine focus on the route and conventional medicine focuses on the diagnosing

BLOOD-BORN PATHOGEN HIV

HIV- contact with infected blood and bodily fluids

BLOOD-BORN PATHOGEN Hep. B

blood to blood contact and bodily fluids.

BLOOD-BORN PATHOGEN: Hep. C

contact with infected blood.

holistic health vs. BioMedic health

treats the whole person (mind, body, & spirit) vs. physical illness + medical treatment

needs a basic human living.

food, shelter, water, air, sleep, safety, social connection.

define nutrition

The process of taking food and using it to support growth, repair tissue, produce energy, and maintain overall health

What are the six types of nutrient

carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water

Define cholesterol

A waxy fat, like substance found in the blood, causing the body to build cells and hormones. Too much can increase the risk of heart disease

why is water important for the body?

what are regulates the body temperature, transports nutrients, and oxygen, removes waist, helps organs function properly

why is HDL called good cholesterol?

HDL helps remove cholesterol from the bloodstream and carries it to the liver to be eliminated.

Simple vs. complex carbohydrates.

simple breaks down quickly, giving fast, energy, and complex breaks down slowly, long lasting energy

Three minerals.

Calcium, iron, and potassium.

What is calcium good for?

Build strong bones/teeth

what is iron good for?

helps carry oxygen in the blood.

What is potassium good for?

Helps muscles contact and support heart function.

different type of fat.

saturated, unsaturated, trans

which facts are fat soluble and which are water soluble?

Fat - A D E K

Water - B vitamins & vitamin C

LDL cholesterol

can build up in arteries/cause blockages (bad)

HDL Cholesterol

remove cholesterol from arteries (good)

Define fiber

a type of grain that helps with digestion, prevents constipation and supports heart health.

complete proteins

contains all essential amino acids (meat, eggs, dairy)

Incomplete protein

Missing one or more amino acids (beans, nuts, grains)

food label

Serving size, calories, nutrients, daily value, ingredients

communicable agent

any organism that can be spread from person to person

pathogenic agent

a disease causing organism

environmental factors affecting disease spread

Poor sanitation, crowded, living conditions, climate/weather, pollution, unsafe, food, or water

primary prevention

preventing the disease before it starts (vaccines/handwashing)

secondary prevention

early detection, and treatment

Tertiary Prevention

reducing complications after the disease occurs

acute disease

short term

chronic disease

Long lasting

Define prevention

Stops disease before it starts

Define imtervention

action taken after a disease is present

communicable disease

a disease that can be spread from one person to another

noncommunicable disease

a disease that cannot be spread person to person

define intervention

actions taken to reduce harm or stop disease progression.

Vector-borne

Spread by living organisms (mosquitoes, ticks)

Vehicle-borne

Spread through objects or substances (food, water, blood)

Types of risk factors

Behavioral, enviormemtal, biological, social/cultural

Define Agent

The cause of the disease

Define Host

The organism that gets the disease

Define isolation

Separates sick individualsnn

Quarantine

Separates exposed but not sick individuals

Bloodborne Pathogen

Diseases spread through blood (HIV, Hepatitis)

Standard Precautions

Safety practices used for all patients (gloves, handwashing)

Active immunity

Body makes antibodies (vaccines, infection)

Passive immunity

Antibodies given to a person (mother to baby, injections)