France and Spain: Historical Systems and Social Structures

These flashcards summarize key terms and concepts from the lecture about France and Spain's historical social structures, revolutions, and the role of elites.

Protestant Reformation

A religious movement in Northern Europe that challenged the Catholic Church, leading to the establishment of Protestant churches.

Latin Europe

Refers to countries in Southern Europe, primarily Italy, Spain, and France, which remained predominantly Catholic.

Rente System

A system where elites were sold the power to collect taxes, allowing them to extract fees and increase their own wealth.

Elites

A tier of nobility under the king who controlled regions and held significant power, often exempt from taxes.

3rd Estate

The social class in France that gained strength and eventually united to overthrow the French monarchy and the elites during the French Revolution.

French Revolution

A period of radical social and political change in France that led to the overthrow of the monarchy and the rise of anarchy.

Latifunda

Large family-run plantations in the Americas formed by elites purchasing land after the collapse of the social structure.

Social Hierarchy

A system of social ranking that emphasizes a strong leader and aristocracy, prevalent in France and Spain.

Failure to Modernize

A condition where systems or nations do not adapt to new methods or ideas, leading to social and economic instability. ( was caused by no 3rd estate)