AP Psych Quiz

Dissociative Disorders

a controversial, rare group of disorders characterized by a disruption of or discontinuity in the normal integration of consciousness, memory, identity, emotion, perception, body representation, motor control, and behavior

Dissociative Identity Disorder

a rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating identities

Dissociative Amnesia

a disorder in which people with intact brains reportedly experience memory gaps and may report not remembering trauma-related specific events, people, places, or aspects of their identity and life history

Personality Disorders

a group of disorders characterized by enduring inner experiences or behavior patterns that differ from someone's cultural norms and expectations, are pervasive and inflexible, begin in adolescence or early adulthood, are stable over time, and cause distress or impairment

Antisocial Personality Disorder

a personality disorder in which a person (usually a man) exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, even toward friends and family members; may be aggressive and ruthless or a clever con artist

Feeding and Eating Disorders

a group of disorders characterized by altered consumption or absorption of food that impairs health or psychological functioning

Anorexia Nervosa

an eating disorder in which a person (usually an adolescent female) maintains a starvation diet despite being significantly underweight, and has an inaccurate self-perception; sometimes accompanied by excessive exercise

Bulimia Nervosa

an eating disorder in which a person's binge eating (usually of high-calorie food) is followed by inappropriate weight-loss-promoting behavior, such as vomiting, laxative use, fasting, or excessive exercise

Neurodevelopmental Disorders

central nervous system abnormalities (usually in the brain) that start in childhood and alter thinking and behavior (as in intellectual limitations or a psychological disorder)

Autism Spectrum Disorder

a disorder that appears in childhood and is marked by limitations in communication and social interaction, and by rigidly fixated interests and repetitive behaviors

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

a psychological disorder marked by extreme inattention and/or hyperactivity and impulsivity

Deinstitutionalization

the process, begun in the late twentieth century, of moving people with psychological disorders out of institutional facilities

Psychotherapy

treatment involving psychological techniques; consists of interactions between a trained therapist and someone seeking to overcome psychological difficulties or achieve personal growth

Biomedical Therapy

prescribed medications or procedures that act directly on the person's physiology

Eclectic Approach

an approach to psychotherapy that uses techniques from various forms of therapy

Psychoanalysis

Sigmund Freud's therapeutic technique; Freud believed that patient's free associations, resistances, dreams, and transferences - and the analyst's interpretations of them - released previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self-insight

Resistance

in psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material

Interpretation

in psychoanalysis, the analyst's noting of supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in an effort to promote insight

Transference

in psychoanalysis, the patient's transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships (such as love or hatred for a parent)

Psychodynamic Therapy

therapy deriving from the psychoanalytic tradition; views individuals as responding to unconscious forces and childhood experiences, and seeks to enhance self-insight

Insight Therapies

therapies that aim to improve psychological functioning by increasing a person's awareness of underlying motives and defenses

Person-Centered Therapy

a humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within an accepting, genuine, empathetic environment to facilitate clients' growth

Active Listening

empathetic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and seeks clarification

Unconditional Positive Regard

a caring, accepting, non-judgmental attitude, which Carl Rogers believed would help clients develop self-awareness and self-acceptance

Behavior Therapy

therapy that uses learning principles to reduce unwanted behaviors

Counterconditioning

behavior therapy procedures that use classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors