Muscles of Upper Extremity

What muscle is indicated?

Deltoid

What muscle is indicated?

Deltoid

Origin of deltoid?

Lateral 1/3 of the clavicle, acromion process, and spine of scapular

Insertion of deltoid?

Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Action of deltoid?

Clavicular part flexes and medially rotates arm, acromial part abducts arm, and spinal part extends and laterally rotates arm

Innervation of deltoid?

Axillary muscle (C5-C6)

What muscle is indicated?

Supraspinatus

Origin supraspinatus?

Supraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion supraspinatus?

Superior facet of greater tubercle on humerus

Action supraspinatus?

Initiates and assists deltoid in abduction of the arm

Innervation supraspinatus?

Suprascapular nerve (C5-C6)

What muscle is indicated?

Infraspinatus

Infraspinatus origin?

Infraspinous fossa of scaupla

Infraspinatus insertion?

Middle facet of greater tubercle on humerus

Action infraspinatus?

External rotation of GH joint

Innervation infraspinatus?

Suprascapular nerve (C5-C6)

What muscle is indicated?

Teres minor

Origin teres minor?

Upper 1/3 of lateral border of scapula

Insertion teres minor?

Inferior facet of greater tubercle

Action teres minor?

External rotation of GH joint

Innervation teres minor?

Axillary nerve

What muscle is indicated?

Teres major

Origin teres major?

Lower 2/3 of lateral border of scapula

Insertion teres major?

Medial lip of intertubecular groove

Action teres major?

Internal rotation and adduction

Innervation teres major?

Lower subscapular nerve

What muscle is indicated?

Subscapularis

Origin subscapularis?

Subscapular fossa

Insertion subscapularis?

Lesser tubercle of humerus

Action subscapularis?

Internal rotation

Innervation subscapularis?

Upper and lower subscapular nerve

What muscle is this?

Biceps brachii

Biceps brachii short head origin?

Tip of coracoid process of scapula

Biceps brachii long head origin?

Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Biceps brachii insertion?

Tuberocity of radius and fascia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis

Biceps brachii action?

Supinate forearm and flexes when supine

Biceps brachii innervation?

Musculocutaneous nerve

What muscle is this?

Brachialis

Brachialis origin?

Distal half of anterior surface of arm

Brachialis insertion?

Coronoid process and tuberocity of ulna

Brachialis action?

Flexes forearm in all positions

Brachialis innervation?

Musculocutaneous nerve

What muscle is a pure flexor of the arm?

Brachialis

What muscle is this?

Coracobrachialis

Origin coracobrachialis?

Tip of coracoid process of scapula

Insertion coracobrachialis?

Middle 1/3 of medial surface of humerus

Action coracobrachialis?

Helps flex and adduct arm

Innervation coracobrachialis?

Aid in flexion and adducts arm

What are the 3 muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm?

Biceps brachii, brachialis, and coracobrachialis

What muscle is this?

Triceps brachii (long and lateral heads)

What muscle is this?

Triceps brachii (long, lateral, and medial heads)

Triceps brachii long head origin?

Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Triceps brachii lateral head origin?

Posterior surface of humerus, superior to radial groove

Triceps brachii medial head origin?

Posterior surface of humerus, inferior to radial groove

Triceps brachii insertion?

Proximal end of olecranon of ulna and fascia of the forearm

Triceps brachii action?

Extend forearm and long head steadies humeral head in abduction

Triceps brachii innervation?

Radial nerve

What is the chief extensor of the forearm?

Triceps brachii

What makes up the posterior compartment of the arm?

Triceps brachii

What muscle is indicated?

Pronator teres

What muscle is indicated?

Pronator teres

Pronator teres humeral head origin?

Medial epicondyle of humerus

Pronator teres ulnar head origin?

Corocoid process of ulna

Pronator teres insertion?

Lateral shaft of midshaft of radius

Pronator teres action?

Pronate forearm and flex elbow

Pronator teres innervation?

Median nerve

What muscle is indicated?

Flexor carpi radialis

Flexor carpi radialis origin?

Medial epicondyle of humerus

Flexor carpi radialis insertion?

Base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpal bones

Flexor carpi radialis action?

Flex and abduct hand at wrist

Flexor carpi radialis innervation?

Median nerve

What muscle is indicated?

Palmaris longus

Palmaris longus origin?

Medial epicondyle of humerus

Palmaris longus insertion?

Distal half of flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeuroses

Palmaris longus action?

Flex hand at wrist and tighten palmar aponeuroses

Palmaris longus innervation?

Median nerve

What muscle is indicated?

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Flexor carpi ulnaris origin?

Medial epicondyle of humerus and olecranon and posterior border of ulna

Flexor carpi ulnaris insertion?

Pisiform, hook of hamate, and base of 5th metacarpal bone

Flexor carpi ulnaris action?

Flex and adduct hand at wrist

Flexor carpi ulnaris innervation?

Ulnar nerve

What muscle is indicated?

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Flexor digitorum superficialis origin?

Medial epicondyle of humerus, ulnar collateral ligament, coronoid process of ulna, and superior half of anterior border of radius

Flexor digitorum superficialis insertion?

Bodies of middle phalanges of medial 4 digits

Flexor digitorum superficialis action?

Flex middle phalanges at PIP, flexes phalanges at MCP, and flexes wrist

Flexor digitorum superficialis innervation?

Median nerve

What muscle is indicated?

Flexor digitorum profundus

Flexor digitorum profundus origin?

Proximal ¾ of medial and anterior surfaces of ulna and interosseous membrane

Flexor digitorum profundus insertion?

Bases of distal phalanges of medial 4 digits

Flexor digitorum profundus action?

Flexes distal phalanges at DIP joints of medial 4 digits and assists with flexion of the hand

Flexor digitorum profundus innervation?

Ulnar nerve and anterior interosseous branch of median nerve

What muscle is indicated?

Flexor pollicis longus

Flexor pollicis longus origin?

Anterior surface of radius and adjacent interosseous membrane

Flexor pollicis longus insertion?

Base of distal phalanx of thumb

Flexor pollicis longus action?

Flexes phalanges of 1st digit

Flexor pollicis longus innervation?

Anterior interosseous nerve of median nerve

What muscle is indicated

Pronator quadratus

Pronator quadratus origin?

Distal ¼ of anterior surface of ulna

Pronator quadratus insertion?

Distal ¼ of anterior surface of radius

Pronator quadratus action?

Pronate forearm