Central Tendency
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21 Terms
what is a frequency distribution?
values of a variable are plotted against their frequency of an outcome
what is a uniform distribution?
each value is plotted at an equal occurance
what is a symmetrical distribution?
no skew, values are mirrored when divided in the middle
what is modality?
amount of peaks in a distribution, peaks do not have to be the same
what is a positive skew?
more extreme values on the right of the mode, mode < median < mean
what is a negative skew?
more extreme values on the left of the mode, mean < median < mode
what is leniency bias?
mostly high scores, an example of this is a store manager consistently rating employees’ performance high to avoid criticism
what is severity bias?
mostly low scores, an example of this is a store manager consistently rating employees’ performance low
what is central tendency bias?
has no extreme values
what is kurtosis?
the degree to which scores congregate in the tails of the distribution, measures peakedness of a distribution
what is leptokurtic
more scores in the middle, few in the tails
what is platykurtic
fewer scores in the middle, more in the tails
what is a nominal scale?
numbers are used to distinguish and create labels
what is an ordinal scale?
used to distinguish order and rank, you know who is higher or lower but not by how much
what is interval scale?
size of gaps on the scale are equal, there is no true zero
what is a ratio scale?
meaningful zero point, weight, height, money, time
what is the median?
center occurring point in a range of data, noted as med or mdn
what is percentile rank?
percentage of cases equal to or below a certain point in a distribution or set of scores, for example, 30th percentile means that score is 30% above other scores in the distribution
when do we calculate the mean?
data is symmetrical, no extreme outliers are present
when do we calculate the median?
data is skewed or has outliers
when do we calculate the mode?
categorical data or most common value of interest
Note 
Flashcards (110)