Studied by 20 people
What monomer makes up carbohydrates?
Monosaccharide
What monomer makes up protein?
Amino Acid
What monomer makes up nucleic acid?
Nucleotide
What monomer makes up lipids?
"Fatty Acid"
What is condensation reaction?
A chemical reaction where water is produced when two molecules are combined into one.
What is hydrolysis?
A chemical reaction where water is added to create two molecules from one.
Carbohydrates are composed of
carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
Proteins are composed of
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
Nucleic Acid is composed of
carbon, hydrogen, phosphorus, and oxygen
Lipids ars composed of
carbon, hydrogen, and phosphorus
3 parts of nucelotides
A nitrogenous base, phosphate group, and 5 carbon sugar
How many strands is RNA
single stranded
How many strands is DNA
double stranded
4 elements of protein structure
Primary, secondary tertiary, and quaternary
Carbon is the
structures upon which the rest of the molecule is built
Nitrogen is used to
Used to build proteins and nucleic acids
Phosphorous is used to
build nucleic acids and certain lipids
Monosaccharides are
simple sugars
Simple sugars include
glucose, fructose, and galactose
What type of sugar is glucose?
the main source of cellular energy
What type of sugar is fructose?
a sugar found naturally in fruits, fruit juices, and honey.
What type of sugar is galactose?
a sugar that is about as sweet as glucose, and about 65% as sweet as sucrose.
What type of sugar is sucrose?
a naturally occurring sugar found in various amounts in plants like fruits, vegetables and nuts
What do disaccharides have?
2 monosaccharides and 2 carbon monomers
What do polysaccharides have?
3+ monosaccharides and 3+ carbohydrate monomers
What is the glucose formula?
C6H12O6
Sucrose + H20 is...
glucose and fructose
Examples of polysaccharides
starch, glycogen, cellulose (fiber)
What is starch?
Energy storage in plants
What is glycogen?
energy storage in animals
What is cellulose (fiber)?
Plant structure
Beta Glucose
Cellulose
Alpha Glucose
Starch
Amino acids have...
4 parts connected to a central carbon
The 4 parts of amino acids
Single hydrogen, carboxyl group, amino group, r group
What do dipeptides have?
2 amino acids and 2 protein monomers
What do polypeptides have?
3+ amino acids and 3+ protein monomers
How many amino acids are there in all living organisms?
20 different kinds
