Exercise Physiology Exam #1 Study Guide

Quiz #1:

1. To accurately describe the response to exercise, it is necessary to consider the intensity, duration, and modality of the exercise.

   Answer: TRUE

2. If a group of individuals of varying fitness levels is presented with a relative sub-maximal exercise task, those who are more fit will be less challenged and score better than those who are less fit.

   Answer: False; because relative sub-maximal exercise is catered to individual % of a 1-RM

   If this statement were true, the question must be changed to an absolute sub-maximal exercise task. Absolute sub-maximal exercise is a set load described by a physiological variable. For example: “Lift a 20lb dumbbell”

3. What are criterion tests & what do they provide?

   Answer: Tests that directly measure physiological variables under strict criteria with precise measurement methods. “Gold standard.”

4. What are field tests & what do they provide?

   Answer: Tests that provide an assessment of an individual’s exercise performance under real-world conditions.

5. What kind of physical fitness is agility an example of?

   a. Sport Related

   b. Health-related

   c. Both

   Answer: A; sport related fitness

6. Muscle fiber damage associated with exhaustive eccentric exercise stimulates glycogen resynthesis in the damaged muscle when carbohydrate ingestion is elevated.

   Answer: False

   Significant damage can delay glycogen synthesis

7. Eliminating fat from an athlete’s diet will improve physiological and performance variables.

   Answer: False

8. Excess intake (more than the RDA) of ______ can lead to impaired immune function and decreased absorption of iron and copper

   Answer: Zinc

9. The first law of thermodynamics states that…

   Answer: Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but can change forms

10. Skeletal muscle at rest can store enough ATP to sustain maximal muscle contraction for approximately…

    Answer: 3 seconds

11. Pyruvic Acid/Pyruvate is the universal or common intermediate in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fat, and protein.

    Answer: False

    For this to be true; the question must be referring to Acetyl CoA

12. ______ is the breakdown of stored glycogen. ________ is the formation of glycogen from glucose.

    Answer: Glycogenolysis; Glycogenesis

13. The most important rate-limiting or regulatory enzyme in the Krebs cycle is..

    Answer: Isocitrate Dehydrogenase

14. What is the most important rate-limiting enzyme in Glycolysis?

    Answer: Phosphofructokinase

15. What is the most important rate-limiting enzyme in Electron Transport/Oxidative Phosphorylation?

    Answer: Cytochrome Oxidase

16. ATP is produced in glycolysis and the Krebs cycle by __________, but by __________ in the electron transport chain.

    Answer: Substrate-Level Phosphorylation; Oxidative Phosphorylation

17. Before fatty acids can be converted to Acetyl CoA and enter the Krebs cycle/electron transport system pathways, they must undergo the process of oxidative deamination.

    Answer: False

    In order for this to be true it would need to undergo beta-oxidation

18. When the rate-limiting enzyme in a metabolic pathway is inhibited, every step in that pathway beyond that point is inhibited. Conversely, when the rate-limiting enzyme is stimulated, every step in that pathway beyond that point is also stimulated in an attempt to match ATP energy needs and reserves with production.

    Answer: True

19. Alactic anaerobic metabolism, the phosphagen system, and the ATP-PC system are all different terms for the same process.

    Answer: True

20. Lactic anaerobic metabolism, the glycolytic system, and the LA system are all separate individual metabolic pathways.

    Answer: False

21. The time point at which the aerobic and anaerobic energy contribution to ATP production becomes approximately equal in maximal exercise is…

    Answer: 75 seconds

22. At physiological pH, 99% of lactic acid is immediately dissociated into lactate anion (La-) and hydrogen ion (H+)

    Answer: True

23. Muscle cells can consume and produce lactate at the same time

    Answer: True

24. Which energy system has the highest capacity for energy production?

    Answer: O2 system

25. Which energy system has the highest power for energy production?

    Answer: ATP-PC System

26. Which energy system has intermediate power for energy production?

    Answer: LA system

27. _______ is an acceptable field test to indicate anaerobic alactic power

    Answer: Vertical Jump

28. _______ is the only step of cellular respiration that occurs in the cytoplasm

    Answer: Glycolysis