Synovial Joints (Types and Movements)

Meniscus

-fibrocartilage pad between opposing bone

-cushion and stabilize joint

Bursae

-small pockets of synovial fluid

-cushion where tendons rub against other tissue

Fat pad

-adipose tissue covered by sinovial membrane

-protects articular cartilages

Reinforcing ligaments

-connective tissue that connect bones to other bones providing stability

Uniaxial

-allows movement along one axis or a single plane

Nonaxial

-not restricted to a single plane

Plane joint (5)

- gliding

-flattened or slightly curved surfaces

-nonaxial

-acromioclavicular (shoulder), claviculosternal

intercarpal, vertebrocostal, sacro-iliac

Hinge joint (4)

-angular motion in a single plane

-monaxial

-elbow, knee, ankle, interphalangeal

Pivot joint (2)

-rotation only

-monaxial

-atlanto-axial, proximal radio-ulnar

Condylar joint (3)

-oval face with depression (angular)

-biaxial

-radiocarpal, metacarpophalangeal (2-5), metatarsophalangeal

Saddle joint (1)

-like a rider in saddle (angular movement)

-biaxial

-first carpometacarpal

Ball and Socket (2)

-round head in cup shaped depression (angular, circumduction, and rotation)

-triaxial

-shoulder, hip