CMAS exam 4

incest

sexual abuse within the family setting

in what areas do neglected children have poorer achievement

significantly lower nuerocognitive functioning , IQ, and learning/memory and executive functions

the 3 factors used to diagnose non-organic failure to thrive syndrome

1. the infant has fallen below the fifth percentile in weight and often height

2. the baby was once a weight and height within the expected norm

3. the infant demonstrated a delay in psychomotor development

what are the five areas survivors experience challenges into adulthood

trust

anger

relational imbalance

low self esteem

coping skills

disengagement

spacing out, one is oblivious to external events

detachment or numbing

individual psychologically removes him or herself and so is unaware of the negative feelings triggered by certain memories, thoughts, and events

observation

individuals watch themselves involved in certain distressing activities, mind and body as separate entities

children in neglectful homes may have an inability to effectively communicate which can translate into adulthood as what

impaired social skills, such as verbal inaccessibility

verbal inaccessibility

the inability to effectively communicate

traumatic sexualization

refers to the child's premature indoctrination into adult sexuality and the confusion this process involves

interpersonal violence

the willful intimidation, physical assault, battery, sexual assault, and/or other abusive behavior as part of a systematic pattern of power and control perpetrated by one intimate partner against another

what is the impact of a child witnessing domestic violence

younger child can be most affected, experiencing state of fear, top part of brain shuts down, chronically stressed which leads to difficulty with attachment, difficulty in school, mental health problems, resorting to violence

what is serve and return and why is it important to understand as it relates to neglect

a term used to describe a two way interaction between an adult and a child where each person takes turn "serving"

there are three social areas that survivors of neglect may struggle with trusting, what are those areas

an inability to trust others, oneself, and the environment

caplan

1964, three fold prevention framework

primary prevention: targets people who do not currently show signs of problem or disorder

• Goals: Stop maltreatment before it begins and raise awareness

• Target: General population and all members of a community

• EXAMPLE: PSA’s, Public campaigns, etc.

secondary prevention: identify people who are high risk for developing the problem/disorder

• Goals: Stop maltreatment before it begins

• Target: Groups that have 1+ risk factors for child maltreatment (Substance abuse, teen mom, etc)

• EXAMPLES: Parent education classes in highschool for tee

tertiary prevention: after the fact, stop it from recurring

• Goals: Reduce negative consequences of child maltreatment and prevent reoccurance

• Target: Families where maltreatment has already occurred

• EXAMPLES: Mental health services for children and families affected by child maltreatment.

gordon

1983

universal prevention: offered to the full population, based on the evidence that is likely to provide some benefit to all which clearly outweighs the costs and risks of negative consequences

EXAMPLE: Billboard, bench/bus signs

selective prevention: targeted to subpopulation identified as being elevated risk

EXAMPLE: DARE program

indicated prevention: targeted to individuals who are identified as having an increased vulnerability for a disorder based on some individual assessment but who are currently asymptomatic

what are the in home services ultimately designed to do

typically provided to families who has cases with a child welfare agency and whose children remain at home or have returned from foster care, the goal being to find the right combination of services and support to meet the specific needs of each family

in what ways can families be enrolled into in home services

voluntarily or court ordered

kinship/relative foster care

a licensed or unlicensed home of the child's relatives regarded by the agency as a foster care living arraignment for the child

foster care

24/7 substitute care for children placed away from their parents or guardians for whom the agency has placement and care responsibilities

group home

a licensed or approved home providing 24 hour care for children in a small group setting that generally has from 7-12 children

independent living

child is under the supervision of the agency without 24 hour adult supervision, financial support, is in a setting which provides the opportunity for increased responsibility for self care

concurrent planning

when cps removes a child from the home, when they are planning for a reunification and planning for adoption options, this is known as what

incredible years program

a program that can be implemented to provide workshops for parents, children, and teachers that promote a variety of protective factors, are designed to promote emotional and social competence while eliminating or treating behavioral problems

consumer families

those who recognize their limitations in knowledge and voluntarily sign up for educational groups and parent groups

dependent families

need more help and need to know how to access education and services

resistant families

those who are dysfunctional, abuse alcohol and drugs, have deficient parenting skill, are resistant to efforts to change, require most attention

what is the family traumatic stress intervention (CFTSI)

a four session, caregiverc-child intervention to prevent the development of chronic post traumatic stess disorder (PTSD) provided within 30 days of exposure to a potentially traumatic event

what are two key risk factors addressed through CFTSI

poor social or familial support and poor coping skills in its effort to prevent chronic PTSD

what approaches are taken to address the two key risk factors (CFTSI)

Poor social or family support

Poor coping skills

cognitive behavioral therapy

used in various settings to reduce childrens negative emotional and behavioral responses and to correct maladaptive beliefs resulting from abusive experiences

what is AF-CBT

an appropriate intervention for the child and their parent who has perpetrated the abuse. children and families may engage in this intervention if the child is between the ages of 5-17 years old

First phases of af-cbt

1: Engagement and psycho education

what is tf-cbt

an evidence based treatment utilized for youth between 3-18 years old. the intervention has proven to be effective in addressing the psychological and somatic symptoms of child sexual abuse. this intervention does not work with the perpetrating caregiver.

who can claim tf cbt

children and families from diverse socioeconomic and ethnic backgrounds

what are two areas that are being addressed in tfcbt

1. stabilization and skills building

2. trauma narration and processing

what is PCIT

used to help parents in handling the residual effects of abuse in children, such as behavioral problems

Parent- Child interaction therapy. Usually for children who have bad behavior (noncomplient and disruptive)

from the lecture when a child experiences trauma it impacts their views about

themselves, others, and the world

what is countertransference

the workers reaction to the clients (feelings, attitudes, thoughts, and behaviors) which is brought about by the helper's own past life experiences

at what point can someone break confidentiality

if the client has threatened or attempted suicide, threatens to kill another, or abuses or neglects a child

how is treatment defined

usually refers to some type of formal service provided in the home on an intensive basis or through mental health services provided by other agencies within the community

family support services

the voluntary services that are provided for families who are not yet in acute crisis

family preservation services

mandated for families when a crisis is imminent or has already occurred

shared family care

the provision of out of home care in which host caregivers and the parent care for the children simultaneously

traumatic sexualization

the child's premature indoctrination into adult sexuality and the confusion this process involves

federal

the primary source of funding for child welfare in home services is provided through provision of _______ funds

case management

the activity of coordinating services, making refferals, and supporting the family member through their case plan

evidence based treatment

these treatments target a specific identified clinical problem or disorder, are focused, directive, and goal oriented, are typically short-term, and include a well developed evaluation component to monitor treatment progress

for a treatment to be considered evidence based what three things does the scientific community look at

the number of research studies, the quality of research studies, and the experts agree the treatment works

of the evidence based treatments discussed in class, one of the common first steps in the intervention was

psychoeducation

Strength Based Approach

An approach that puts the strengths and resources of people, communities, and their environments rather than their problems and pathologies, at the center of the helping process.

Treatment

• People who are identified as currently suffering from a recognized disorder/illness and enter treatment with expectation of receiving some sort of relief. 

  • Services required to help meet families goal

  • Formal service provided in home on intensive bases

  • Addresses emotional, psychological, and behavioral impact of abuse.

P (practice

Pychoeducation and parenting skills

R (practice)

Relaxation techniques

A (practice)

Affective expression and regulation

C (practice)

Cognitive coping and processing

T (practice)

Trauma narrative and processing

I (practice)

In vivo (in life) exposer

C (Practice)

Conjoint child and parent sessions

E (practice)

Enhancing personal and saftey and future growth.

Second phase of AF-CBT

Individual skill building

Third phase of AF-CBT

Family Application

What is the primary goal of CTFSI

Enhance emotional support by caregiver

Prevention

A complementary approach in which services are offered to the general population or two people who are identified as being at risk for illness/disease.

What are the in-home services ultimately designed to do?

• Help the parents take responsibility and accountability of their actions and help them support their child

Developmental dimensions model: Appraisal

• Wrongness, dangerous, self blame appraisals of the victimization and its implications. 

• Application: Children at different stages appraise victimizations differently and tend to form different expectations

Developmental dimensions model: Developmental Tasks

• Attachment, peer relationship formation, dating

• Application: Children at different stages face different developmental tasks, upon which these appraisals will be applied

Developmental dimensions model: Coping Strategies

• Avoidance, somatization, cognitive processing

• Application: Children at different stages of development have available to them different repertoires of coping strategies with which to respond to stress and conflict reduced by victimization.

Developmental dimensions model: Environmental Buffers

• Parent, school, police response

• Application: Children at different stages of development operate in different social and family contexts, which can alter how the victimization affects them. 

How do they address the two risk factors of CFTSI

1. increasing communication between the affected child and his caregivers about feelings, symptoms and behaviors with the goal of increasing the caregivers' support of the child

2. providing specific behavioral skills that are taught both to the caregiver and child to assist in coping with symptoms