Representatives
The speaker is committed to the truth of the proposition assertions
claims reports
examples of verbs:
affirm, deny, believe, conclude, report
Directives
the speaker attempts to get the hearer to do something
suggestions requests commands
examples of verbs:
command, dare, challenge, ask,,
insist, request,
Expressives
Expressives the speaker expresses an attitude about a state of affairs
apologies complaint thanks
examples of verbs: apologise, deplore, thank, congratulate, regret, welcome
Comissives
Comissives the speaker is committed to a (future) course of action
promises threats offers
examples of verbs:
swear, vow, guarantee, pledge, promise
Declaratives
Declaratives the speaker alters the outward status or condition of an object or situation, solely by making the
utterance decrees declarations
examples of verbs: baptise, sentence, resign