SCADA

4 components of scada

master station, rtu/plc, hmi, communication infrastructure

master station

• These are the brains of the SCADA system. They collect data from sensors and other devices.

• Supervisory computers analyze the data and display it in a user-friendly format for operators to monitor.

Remote Terminal Units (RTUs) or PLCs

• These are like the hands and ears of the SCADA system. They're located in the field near equipment and sensors.

• RTUs or PLCs gather data from sensors (like temperature or pressure) and send it to the supervisory computers.

• They can also receive commands from the supervisory computers to control equipment, like opening or closing valves.

Human Machine Interface (HMI)

• This is the interface that operators use to interact with the SCADA system.

• It's like a control panel or dashboard that displays real-time data, alarms, and controls.

• Operators can monitor processes, view trends, and make decisions based on the information provided by the HMI.

Communication Infrastructure

• SCADA systems rely on communication networks to transmit data between the supervisory computers, RTUs/PLCs, and HMIs.

• These networks can be wired (like Ethernet or serial communication) or wireless (like radio or cellular networks).

• The communication infrastructure ensures that data is transmitted reliably and securely across the entire SCADA system.

What does SCADA stand for?

Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition.

What is the role of an RTU in a SCADA system?

Collect data from sensors and control devices, and transmit data to the master station.

How does an HMI function in a SCADA system?

It provides a user-friendly interface for operators to monitor and control processes.

Why is reliability important in SCADA systems?

SCADA systems often control critical infrastructure, and failures can lead to significant disruptions.

What is the difference between SCADA and PLC?

SCADA is a system for monitoring and controlling processes, while PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) is a type of hardware used to automate control tasks.

Name two types of communication networks used in SCADA systems.

Wired (Ethernet, serial) and wireless (radio, cellular).

What are some common industries that use SCADA systems?

Utilities (water, electricity), manufacturing, oil and gas, and transportation.

What is the purpose of alarms and alerts in a SCADA system?

To notify operators of abnormal conditions or faults requiring immediate attention.