New France 1700s

Jesuit Missionaries

Focused on converting Natives in New France.

Fur Trade

Key economic activity in New France, led to epidemics.

Epidemics

Resulted from fur trade and missionary activities.

Militia

Every colonist in New France was a soldier.

Seigneurial System

Feudal landholding system in New France.

Divine Right

Belief that the King ruled by God's will.

Sovereign Council

Top-down government body in New France.

Population Imbalance

Concern for New France due to low population.

Appalachian Mountains

Natural barrier to New France's east.

Algonquin

Native tribe allied with New France.

Iroquois

Enemies of the Algonquin and Huron in New France.

Fur trade

Economic activity settlers dabbled in, causing conflicts in New France

Company of New France

Initially ran New France, failed to bring promised settlers

Huron

Indigenous group decimated by Iroquois attacks

New France

French colony facing violence and unrest due to Native conflicts

British-French tensions

Rivalry over colonies and fur trade, leading to military confrontations

Nova Scotia

Site of French settlement, later taken by British after wars

Acadian Expulsion

Forced removal of Acadians from Nova Scotia by the British

Louisbourg

French fortress in Nova Scotia, key target for British in North America

Siege of Louisbourg

British attack on the formidable French fortress in 1758

James Wolfe

British commander who successfully landed troops during the Siege of Louisbourg

Brandy Parliament

Meeting in 1673 to address alcohol use in fur trade.

Jesuit missionaries

Focused on converting Natives in New France.

Brandy Parliament

Discussed alcohol's impact on fur trade in 1673.

Intendant

Managed day-to-day colony affairs in New France.

Militarized society

Every colonist part of militia, organized in parishes.

Seigneurial System

Feudal system with landlords owning land in narrow strips.

Young population

New France had a significant percentage under 15 years old.

Divine Right

French monarchy ruled by absolute power of the King.

Sovereign Council

Top-down decision-making body governing New France.

Population disparity

Led to tensions and conflicts between British and French colonies.

Acadian Expulsion

Deported thousands from Nova Scotia due to conflicts.

Louisbourg

Strategically important location with formidable defenses.

French colonial government

Highly centralized and directive, accustomed to strict governance.

Seigneurs' duties

Included residence, land clearing, road maintenance in New France.

Habitants' duties

Involved house construction, land cultivation, and taxes.

French colonial families

Had high infant mortality rate but averaged six children.

Sovereign Council members

Included Governor General, Intendant, Bishop, and councilors.

British superiority

Led to the fall of Louisbourg despite challenges.

Native alliances

Contributed to conflicts with Iroquois in New France.

Constant threat of war

Between French and English colonies heightened tensions.

French and Dutch conflict

Fueled by Dutch firearms sales in New France.