Alle chemische elementen

studied byStudied by 56 people
5.0(6)
Get a hint
Hint

Waterstof

1 / 117

flashcard set

Earn XP

Description and Tags

alle 118 chemische elementen

118 Terms

1

Waterstof

H

New cards
2

Helium

He

New cards
3

Lithium

Li

New cards
4

Beryllium

Be

New cards
5

Boor

B

New cards
6

Koolstof

C

New cards
7

Stikstof

N

New cards
8

Zuurstof

O

New cards
9

Fluor

F

New cards
10

Neon

Ne

New cards
11

Natrium

Na

New cards
12

Magnesium

Mg

New cards
13

Aluminium

Al

New cards
14

Silicium

Si

New cards
15

Fosfor

P

New cards
16

Zwavel

S

New cards
17

Chloor

Cl

New cards
18

Argon

Ar

New cards
19

Kalium

K

New cards
20

Calcium

Ca

New cards
21

Scandium

Sc

New cards
22

Titanium

Ti

New cards
23

Vanadium

V

New cards
24

Chroom

Cr

New cards
25

Mangaan

Mn

New cards
26

IJzer

Fe

New cards
27

Kobalt

Co

New cards
28

Nikkel

Ni

New cards
29

Koper

Cu

New cards
30

Zink

Zn

New cards
31

Gallium

Ga

New cards
32

Germanium

Ge

New cards
33

Arseen

As

New cards
34

Seleen

Se

New cards
35

Broom

Br

New cards
36

Krypton

Kr

New cards
37

Rubidium

Rb

New cards
38

Strontium

Sr

New cards
39

Yttrium

Y

New cards
40

Zirkonium

Zr

New cards
41

Niobium

Nb

New cards
42

Molybdeen

Mo

New cards
43

Technetium

Tc

New cards
44

Ruthenium

Ru

New cards
45

Rhodium

Rh

New cards
46

Palladium

Pd

New cards
47

Zilver

Ag

New cards
48

Cadmium

Cd

New cards
49

Indium

In

New cards
50

Tin

Sn

New cards
51

Antimoon

Sb

New cards
52

Tellurium

Te

New cards
53

Jood

I

New cards
54

Xenon

Xe

New cards
55

Cesium

Cs

New cards
56

Barium

Ba

New cards
57

Lanthaan

La

New cards
58

Cerium

Ce

New cards
59

Prasedymium

Pr

New cards
60

Neodymium

Nd

New cards
61

Promethium

Pm

New cards
62

Samarium

Sm

New cards
63

Europium

Eu

New cards
64

Gadolinium

Gd

New cards
65

Terbium

Tb

New cards
66

Dysprosium

Dy

New cards
67

Holmium

Ho

New cards
68

Erbium

Er

New cards
69

Thulium

Tm

New cards
70

Ytterbium

Yb

New cards
71

Lutetium

Lu

New cards
72

Hafnium

Hf

New cards
73

Tantaal

Ta

New cards
74

Wolfraam

W

New cards
75

Renium

Re

New cards
76

Osmium

Os

New cards
77

Iridium

Ir

New cards
78

Platina

Pt

New cards
79

Goud

Au

New cards
80

Kwik

Hg

New cards
81

Thallium

Tl

New cards
82

Lood

Pb

New cards
83

Bismut

Bi

New cards
84

Polonium

Po

New cards
85

Astaat

At

New cards
86

Radon

Rn

New cards
87

Francium

Fr

New cards
88

Radium

Ra

New cards
89

Actinium

Ac

New cards
90

Thorium

Th

New cards
91

Protactinium

Pa

New cards
92

Uranium

U

New cards
93

Neptunium

Np

New cards
94

Plutonium

Pu

New cards
95

Americium

Am

New cards
96

Curium

Cm

New cards
97

Berkelium

Bk

New cards
98

Californium

Cf

New cards
99

Einsteinium

Es

New cards
100

Fermium

Fm

New cards

Explore top notes

note Note
studied byStudied by 32 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 9 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 9 people
... ago
5.0(1)
Imperialism Rise in Nationalism • During the French and Industrial Revolution, nationalism continued to inspire nations to increase their political and economic power. • Nationalism became the ideal force in the political, economic, and cultural life in the world, becoming the first universal ideology-organizing all people into a nation state. Nationalism Defined • The strong belief that the interest of a particular nation-state is of primary importance. o Nation-State – a state where the vast majority shares the same culture and is conscious of it. It is an ideal in which cultural boundaries match up with political ones. • As an ideology, it is based on the idea that the individual’s loyalty and devotion to the nation-state surpass other individual/group interests. • Exalting one nation’s belief above all others and placing primary emphasis on promotion of its culture and interests, excluding the interests of others. Changing the World through a Nationalistic Vision • The French Revolution significantly changed the political world and how countries govern. • The Industrial Revolution significantly changed the economic world. • The Age of Imperialism (1870-1914) dramatically changed the political, economic, and social world. What is Imperialism? • Imperialism- The policy of extending the rule of authority of an empire or nation over foreign countries, or of acquiring and holding colonies and dependencies. Power and influence are done through diplomacy or military force. Reasons for Imperialism • There are 5 main motives for empires to seek to expand their rule over other countries or territories: 1. Exploratory • Imperial nations wanted to explore territory unknown to them. • The main purpose for this exploration of new lands was for resource acquisition, medical or scientific research. o Charles Darwin • Other reasons: o Cartography (map making) o Adventure 2. Ethnocentric • Europeans acted on the concept of ethnocentrism o Ethnocentrism- the belief that one race or nation is superior to others. • Ethnocentrism developed out of Charles Darwin’s “survival of the fittest” theory. Philosophers used the theory to explain why there were superior races and inferior races. o This became known as Social Darwinism. • Most imperial nations believed that their cultural values or beliefs were superior to other nations or groups. • Believed imperial conquest would bring successful culture to inferior people. 3. Religious • Imperial expansion promoted a religious movement of people setting out to convert new members of conquered territories. • With the belief that Christianity was superior, missionaries believed it was their duty to spread Christianity to the world. • Christian missionaries established churches, and in doing so, they spread Western culture values as well. • Typically, missionaries spread the imperial nation's language through education and religious interactions. 4. Political • Patriotism and Nationalism helped spur our imperial growth, thus creating competition against other supremacies. • It was a matter of national pride, respect, and security. • Furthermore, European rivalry spurred nations for imperial conquest. Since land equaled power, the more land a country could acquire the more prestige they could wield across the globe. • Empires wanted strategic territory to ensure access for their navies and armies around the world. • The empire believed they must expand, thus they needed to be defended. 5. Economic • With the Industrial Revolution taking place during the same time, governments and private companies contributed to find ways to maximize profits. • Imperialized countries provided European factories and markets with natural resources (old and new) to manufacture products. • Trading posts were strategically placed around imperialized countries to maximize and increase profits. o Such places as the Suez Canal in Egypt which was controlled by the British provided strategic choke hold over many European powers. o Imperial powers competed over the best potential locations for resources, markets, and trade. History of Imperialism • Ancient Imperialism 600 BCE-500 CE o Roman Empire, Ancient China, Greek Empire, Persian Empire, Babylonian Empire. • Middle Age Imperialism (Age of Colonialism-1400-1800s) o Great Britain, Spain, Portugal, France, Netherlands (Dutch), Russia. • Age of Imperialism 1870-1914 o Great Britain, Spain, Portugal, France, Germany, Belgium, Italy, Japan, United States, Ottoman Empire, Russia. • Current Imperialism...? o U.S. Military intervention (i.e. Middle East) o Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine. Imperialism Colonialism • Refers to political or economic control, either legally or illegally. • Refers to where one nation assumes control over the other. • Creating an empire, expanding into neighboring regions and expanding the dominance far outside its borders. • Where a country conquers and rules over other regions for exploiting resources from the conquered country for the conqueror's benefit. • Foreign government controls/governs a territory without significant settlement. • Foreign government controls/governs the territory from within the land being colonized. • Little to no new settlement established on fresh territory. • Movement to settle to fresh territory. Age of Colonialism WHEN? • Started around the late 1400s and ended around the late 1700s/early 1800s. WHY? • Primary Reason: European countries, wished to find a direct trade route to Asia (China & India) and the East Indies. o Quicker and relatively more effective than land routes over Asia. • Secondary Reason: Empire expansion (land power) WHO? • Countries involved: Great Britain, France, Spain, the Dutch & Portugal. • Individuals’ knowns as Mercantilists believed that maintaining imperialized territory and colonizing the region could serve as a source of wealth, while personal motives by rulers, explorers, and missionaries could therefore promote their own agenda. o This agenda being “Glory, God and Gold”. Mercantilism • Mercantilism was a popular and main economic system for many European nations during the 16th to 18th centuries. • The main goal was to increase a nation’s wealth by promoting government rule of a nation’s economy for the purpose of enhancing state power at the expense of rival national power. • It was the economic counterpart of political absolutism. Why did mercantilists want colonies? • Mercantilists believed that a country must have an excess of exports over imports. • By colonizing territory, it provided the nation with indispensable wealth of precious raw materials. • Therefore, the claimed territory served as a market and supplier of raw materials for the mother country. Which, in time, provided an excess of exports for the nation and thus created wealth. o Development of Trading Companies to support this economic system. Hudson Bay Company – (1670). Controlled primarily North America. o Dutch East Indie Trading Company (1682) o East Indian Trading Company (1600) o Royal African Trade Company (1672) WHERE? • European nations begun to colonize the America, India and the East Indies to create a direct trade route. • Great Britain was the leading power in India, Australia and North America, South Africa. • Spain colonized central and South America. • French held Louisiana, coastal land of Africa and French Guinea. • The Dutch built an empire in the East Indies. • The Portuguese was able to take control of present-day Brazil and the southern tip of South America and Japan. Age of Colonialism • As countries started to imperialize these regions, eventually the concept of colonization took hold: • This is what makes the Age of Colonialism extremely different! End of Colonialism • By 1800, colonialism became less popular • Why? o Revolutions (Spain, France & American) o The Napoleonic Wars o Struggle for nationalism and democracy. o Exhausted all money and energy to supervise their colonies. Waiting to wake again • Imperialism would stay quiet for close to 50 years before Great Britain and France’s economies revitalized. • The outbreak of the Industrial Revolution only encouraged and revitalized European nations to begin their conquest for new territory and resources. Age of Imperialism THE SCRAMBLE FOR AFRICA 1870-1914 Conditions Prior to Imperialism of Africa  European interest in exploiting Africa was minimal.  Their economic interests & profit in Africa primarily came through coastal trade that took place during the 1500-1700s.  The slave trade became the main source of European profit.  Furthermore, disease, political instability, lack of transportation and unpredictable climate all discouraged Europeans from seeking territory. Slave Trade & the Trans-Atlantic Slave Voyages  Forced labor was not uncommon during the 13-17th Centuries. Africans and Europeans had been trading goods and people across the Mediteranea for centuries.  This all changed from 1526 to 1867, as a new system of slavery was introduced that became highly “commercialized, racialized and inherited”  By 1690, the America and West Indies saw approximately 30,000 African people shipped from Africa. A century later, that number grew to 85,000 people per year.  By 1867, approximately 12.5 million people (about twice the population of Arizona) left Africa in a slave ship. What Changed? 1. End of the Slave Trade- Left a need for trade between Europe and Africa. 2. Innovation in technology- The steam engine and iron hulled boats allowed Europe 3. Discovery of new raw materials- Explorers located vast raw materials and resources and this only spurred imperialism with Europe in the wake of the Industrial Revolution. 4. Politics- Unification of Germany and Italy left little room to expand in Europe. Germany and Italy both needed raw materials to “catch up” with Britain and France so they looked to Africa. The Scramble for Africa  The scramble started in 1870.  Although some coastal land had previously been acquired before 1870, the need for territory quickly accelerated as European countries looked t get deeper into Africa.  Within 20 years, nearly all continents were placed under imperialistic rule. Who was Involved?  Great Britain  France  Germany  Italy  Portugal  Belgium  Spain (kind) Violent Affairs  Violence broke out multiple times when European nations looked to claim the same territory.  Germ Chancellor. Otto van Bismarck. Attempted to avert the possibility of violence against the European powers.  In 1884, Bismarck organized a conference in Berlin for the European nations. The Berlin Conference (1884-85)  The conference looked to set ground rules for future annexation of African territory by European Nations.  Annexation is the forcible acquisition and assertion of legal title over one state’s territory by another state, usually following military occupation of the territory.  From a distant perspective, it looked like it would reduce tensions among European nations and avert war.  At the heart of the meeting, these European countries negotiated their claims to African territory, made it official and then mapped their regions.  Furthermore, the leaders agreed to allow free trade among imperialized territory and some homework for negotiating future European claims in Africa was established. Further Path  After the conference, european powers continued to expand their claims in Africa so that by 1900. 90% of the African territory had been claimed. A Turn towards Colonization?  Upon the imperialization of African territory, European nations and little interest in African land unless it produced economic wealth.  Therefore, European governments put little effort and expertise into these imperialized regions.  In most cases, this emat a form of indirect rule. Thus, governing the natin without sufficient settlement and government from within the mother country. Some Exceptions  There were some exemptions through in Africa as colonization was a necessary for some regions i n Africa.  Some regions where diamonds and gold were present. Government looked to protectorate the regions and establish rule and settlement in the regions.  Protectorates: A state controlled and protected by another state for defense against aggression and other law violations. Would  Some examples include South Africa, Botswana, Zimbabwe and Congo. Conclusion  Although it may appear that the Berlin Conference averted war amid the African Scramble, imperialism eventually brought the world into worldwide conflict.  With the continued desire to create an empire by European nations. World War 1 would break out which can be linked to this quest at imperialism.
note Note
studied byStudied by 10 people
... ago
4.5(2)
note Note
studied byStudied by 29 people
... ago
4.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 91 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 39 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 54 people
... ago
5.0(2)

Explore top flashcards

flashcards Flashcard (487)
studied byStudied by 21 people
... ago
5.0(3)
flashcards Flashcard (45)
studied byStudied by 1 person
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (51)
studied byStudied by 55 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (54)
studied byStudied by 2 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (22)
studied byStudied by 268 people
... ago
5.0(10)
flashcards Flashcard (24)
studied byStudied by 48 people
... ago
5.0(2)
flashcards Flashcard (49)
studied byStudied by 2 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (45)
studied byStudied by 12 people
... ago
5.0(1)
robot