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types of waves
longitudinal and transverse
what type of wave is sound
longitudinal
what type of wave is light
transverse (electromagnetic)
what are electromagnetic waves
transverse waves that do not need a medium
frequency
number of waves passing through a place per second
crest
the high point of a wave
trough
the low point of a wave
amplitude
the height of a wave from its equillibrium position
wavelength
the distance between two neighbouring troughs/crests
hertz
measurement unit of frequency
label the longitudinal wave
compression, rarefaction
label the transverse wave
one wave, crest, equilibrium, amplitude, trough
transverse wave
wave where the oscillations are perpendicular to the direction in which the wave is moving in
longitudinal wave
wave where the oscillations are parallel to the direction in which the wave is moving in
λ
wavelength (m) (lambda)
what does 10Hz represent
10 waves passing through each second
wave equation
v = λf
f
frequency (Hz)
v
velocity (m/s)
period
time it takes for one wavelength to pass through
period equation
T = 1/f
can sound travel through a vacuum (no medium)
no
subsonic
frequencies below 20Hz
ultrasonic
frequenices higher than 20kHz
refraction
the bending of a light ray as it passes into a different substance
reflection
the act of a wave bouncing back at the boundary of a medium
transmission
the movement of a wave throgh a medium or vacuum
medium
a substance or material that carries a wave
transparent
a material that transmits light with very little absorption
translucent
a material that transmits some light only
what is the ray of incidence equal to
ray of reflection
how does light pass through convex lenses
they converge (meet up) at the focal point
how does light pass through concave lenses
they diverge (spread apart)
if the incident ray refracts into a more dense medium, will the ray refract towards or away from the medium?
toward
if the incident ray refracts into a less dense medium, will the ray refract towards or away from the medium?
away
incident ray
the ray that comes in
reflected ray
the ray that is reflected
emergent ray
the ray that comes out of a medium after being refracted
cornea
allows light to enter the eye
lens
focuses light on the retina
pupil
a hole through which light passes t o enter the eye
iris
contracts and relaxes to control the amount of light entering the eye
retina
the lining at the back of the eye that contains light receptors
optic nerve
bundles of neurones which carry impulses to the brain
Note 
Flashcard (102)